Brain-penetrant class I ampakine with AMPA receptor (AMPAR; iGluR) positive allosteric modulator (PAM) activity both in vitro and in vivo.
CX614 (BDP-37) is a brain-penetrant class I ampakine (benzoxazine subgroup of benzamide-type) with AMPA receptor (AMPAR; iGluR) positive allosteric modulator (PAM) activity via targeting a binding site shared by cyclothiazide (CTZ), but distinct from that of GYKI 52466. CX614 enhances field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (amplitude & duration) in rat hippocampal slices and autaptically evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents in neuronal cultures (EC50 of 20-40 μM) by blocking desensitization and slowing deactivation of responses to glutamate. CX614 is also widely employed for studying AMPAR-mediated physiological responses in vivo (1-10 mg/kg n rats and mice via i.p.).
Mounting evidence suggests that trophic cell signaling can be mediated by alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) activation. It has been demonstrated that exogenous application of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is highly neuroprotective in vitro against neurotoxic insults such as standard chemotherapies.
The 5-year survival rate of glioblastoma (GBM) is ~10%, demonstrating that a new therapeutic modality for this cancer is desperately needed. Complicating the search for such a modality is that most large molecules cannot pass through the blood brain barrier
Transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs) govern AMPA receptor cell surface expression and distinct physiological properties including agonist affinity, desensitization and deactivation kinetics. The prototypical TARP, STG or γ2 and TARPs γ3, γ4, γ7 and γ8 are all expressed to
It was previously reported that Stargazin (STG) enhances the surface expression of AMPA receptors, controls receptor gating and slows channel desensitization as an auxiliary subunit of the receptors. Ampakines are a class of AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulators that modify
Four positive modulators of AMPA-type glutamate receptors (cyclothiazide, CX614, LY404187 and S18986-1) given in acute or chronic manner exerted a neuroprotective effect in lesions induced in postnatal day 5 (P5) mice by intracerebral injection of ibotenate, an NMDA agonist. The
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