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T8690

Sigma-Aldrich

Thioredoxin human

≥90% (SDS-PAGE), recombinant, expressed in E. coli (N-terminal histidine tagged), essentially salt-free, lyophilized powder, ≥5 U/mg

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About This Item

CAS Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
NACRES:
NA.32

biological source

human

Quality Level

recombinant

expressed in E. coli (N-terminal histidine tagged)

Assay

≥90% (SDS-PAGE)

form

essentially salt-free, lyophilized powder

specific activity

≥5 U/mg

mol wt

14 kDa

technique(s)

activity assay: suitable

solubility

water: soluble 0.50—0.60 mg/mL, clear to slightly hazy, colorless to faint yellow or tan

suitability

suitable for molecular biology

UniProt accession no.

application(s)

cell analysis

storage temp.

−20°C

Gene Information

human ... TXN(7295)

General description

Cloned from Jurkat cell cDNA. Identical to the ADF/Trx (GenBank® Accession Number X77584) and the thioredoxin from human placenta (GenBank® Accession Number AF085844).
Thioredoxin (TXN) is a 12 kDa ubiquitous protein. The gene is located on human chromosome 9q31.3. TXN is mainly located in the cytoplasm.Thioredoxin contains a redox-active dithiol in the active site. Itexists in several forms, the most prevalent ones being the cytosolic (TRX1) andmitochondrial (TRX2) forms.

Application

Thioredoxin human can be used for in vitro thioredoxin assay. The product can also be used for assessing Thioredoxin reductase (TRXR) enzyme activity.
Thioredoxin human has been used:
  • in mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4) in vitro kinase assay
  • to study its role in transcription regulation, RNA processing and nuclear pore function in human cells
  • in proteomics identification of Trx1 reduction target proteins from the hearts of cardiac specific transgenic (Tg)-Trx1 mice

Biochem/physiol Actions

Human Thioredoxin is a recombinant, N-terminal histidine tagged protein. The product induces proliferation in lymphoid cells, fibroblasts as well as in numerous human solid tumor cell lines.The product also stimulates growth in normal as well as leukemic B cell, modifies the transcriptional activity of AP-1and inhibits the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1).Thioredoxin (TRX) plays a role in protecting the cells fromelectrophiles, a cytotoxic agent.
Thioredoxin (TXN) has disulfide-reducing activity. It acts as a cytokine to reduce inflammation. TXN functions as a scavenger for reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs), which are produced in various oxidative stress. Thioredoxin induces cellular proliferation to decrease oxidative stress. TXN is a prognostic biomarker for various cancers, such as lung, pancreatic and hepatocellular carcinoma. It contributes to protein reduction, tissue development and redox regulation.
Mediates the reduction of disulfide bonds in proteins.

Unit Definition

One unit will cause a ΔA650 of 1.0 in 1 min at 25 °C in the insulin reduction assay.

Legal Information

GenBank is a registered trademark of United States Department of Health and Human Services

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Thioredoxin activates MKK4-NFkappaB pathway in a redox dependent manner to control manganese superoxide dismutase gene expression in endothelial cells
Kundumani-Sridharan V, et al.
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, jbc-M115 (2015)
Walter H Watson et al.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 78(1), 3-14 (2003-12-24)
Thioredoxins (Trx) are members of an evolutionarily conserved family of redox-active proteins containing a conserved active site dithiol motif. Trx supports diverse reduction reactions, including several of direct toxicologic interest, but relatively little information is available concerning the roles of
Cexiong Fu et al.
Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP, 8(7), 1674-1687 (2009-05-07)
Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) is a key redox modulator that is functionally conserved across a wide range of species, including plants, bacteria, and mammals. Using a conserved CXXC motif, Trx1 catalyzes the reduction of cysteine disulfides and S-nitrosothiols. In contrast to
TXN (thioredoxin)
Chen Z, et al.
Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology (2010)
K Hirota et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94(8), 3633-3638 (1997-04-15)
Thioredoxin (TRX) is a pleiotropic cellular factor that has thiol-mediated redox activity and is important in regulation of cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, and gene expression. The activity of several transcription factors is posttranslationally altered by redox modification(s) of specific

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