In the planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the electron transport layer (ETL) plays a critical role in electron extraction and transport. Widely utilized TiO2 ETLs suffer from the low conductivity and high surface defect density. To address these problems, for
Crystal orientations in multiple orders correlate to the properties of polycrystalline materials, and it is critical to manipulate these microstructural arrangements to enhance device performance. Herein, we report a controllable approach to manipulate the facet orientation within the ABX3 hybrid
Algae are key components of aquatic food chains. Consequently, they are internationally recognised test species for the environmental safety assessment of chemicals. However, existing algal toxicity test guidelines are not yet optimized to discover molecular modes of action, which require
Vitamin E is the most active natural lipophilic antioxidant with a broad spectrum of biological activity. α-Tocopherol (α-T), the main representative of the vitamin E family, is a strong inhibitor of lipid peroxidation as a chain-breaking antioxidant. Antioxidant and antiradical
Catalysts based on pillared clays for the oxidation of chlorobenzene.
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