5.05763

ProRS Inhibitor, Halofuginone

• Synonym(e): ProRS Inhibitor, Halofuginone, STENOROL, HF, Hydrobromide, prolyl-tRNA synthetase Inhibitor, trans-(±)-7-Bromo-6-chloro-3-[3-(3-hydroxy-2-piperidinyl)-2-oxopropyl]-4(3H)-quinazolinone hydrobromide
• Empirische Formel (Hill-System): C₁₆H₁₇BrClN₃O₃ · xHBr
• CAS-Nummer: 64924-67-0
• Molekulargewicht: 414.68 (free base basis)
• MDL-Nummer: MFCD23843776
• UNSPSC-Code: 12352200
• NACRES: NA.77

Eigenschaften

• Assay: ≥98% (HPLC)
• Qualitätsniveau: 100
• Form: powder
• Wirksamkeit: 18 nM IC₅₀
• Hersteller/Markenname: Calbiochem^®
• Lagerbedingungen: OK to freeze; protect from light
• Farbe: white
• Löslichkeit: DMSO: 100 mg/mL
• Lagertemp.: 2-8°C
• InChI: 1S/C16H17BrClN3O3.BrH/c17-11-6-13-10(5-12(11)18)16(24)21(8-20-13)7-9(22)4-14-15(23)2-1-3-19-14;/h5-6,8,14-15,19,23H,1-4,7H2;1H/t14?,15-;/m1./s1
• InChIKey: SJUWEPZBTXEUMU-NUNOUFIPSA-N

Beschreibung

Allgemeine Beschreibung

A cell-permeable racemic mixture of Halofuginone whose D-(+)/(2R, 3S) enantiomer serves as the active inhibitor against ProRS-mediated aminoacylation by simultaneously preventing ProRS-catalyzed Pro-AMP formation and the subsequent Pro transfer from Pro-AMP to tRNA^Pro. Proline, but not other NEAA, is able to reverse the inhibitory effect of HF in in vitro rabbit reticulocyte lysate translations (1 µM HF; 1 mM Pro) and prevent HF-induced cellular AAR pathway activation (100 nM HF/2 mM Pro/MEF; 10 nM HF/1 mM Pro/Murine CD4⁺ CD25^- T cells). Shown to inhibit bFGF-induced neovascularization in a murine corneal angiogenesis model (5 mg/kg/d via food intake) and significantly reduce the severity of MOG33-55-induced EAE in mice (2 µg/mouse/d i.p.) in vivo. Unlike AA-AMP mimetics, HF does not compete against ATP for ProRS binding.

A cell-permeable racemic mixture of Halofuginone, a halogenated derivative of the Dichroa febriguga alkaloid Febrifugine, whose D-(+)/(2R, 3S) enantiomer serves as the active inhibitor against ProRS- (prolyl-tRNA synthetase) mediated aminoacylation by simultaneously targeting/blocking ProRS Proline-binding pocket with its hydroxypiperidine and tRNA 3′ end adenosine-binding site with its halogenated 4-quinazolinone, preventing not only ProRS-catalyzed prolyl adenylation (Pro-AMP formation), but also the subsequent Pro transfer from Pro-AMP to tRNA^Pro. Consistently, only proline, but not other NEAA, is able to reverse the inhibitory effect of HF in in vitro rabbit reticulocyte lysate translations (1 µM HF; 1 mM Pro) and prevent HF-induced cellular AAR (amino acid response) pathway activation (100 nM HF/2 mM Pro/MEF; 10 nM HF/1 mM Pro/Murine CD4⁺ CD25^- T cells). Shown to inhibit bFGF-induced neovascularization in a murine corneal angiogenesis model (5 mg/kg/day via food intake) and significantly reduce the severity of myelin antigen MOG33-55-induced autoimmune EAE/encephalomyelitis in mice (2 µg/mouse/day i.p.) in vivo. Unlike AA-AMP mimetics, HF does not compete against ATP for ProRS binding. ATP, in its ProRS bound state, actually helps stabilize HF via hydrogen bond interactions.

Biochem./physiol. Wirkung

Primary Target
prolyl-tRNA synthetase

Verpackung

Packaged under inert gas

Warnhinweis

Toxicity: Standard Handling (A)

Rekonstituierung

Following reconstitution, aliquot and freeze (-20°C). Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months at -20°C.

Sonstige Hinweise

Zhou, H., et al. 2013, Nature494, 121.

Keller, T.L., et al. 2012, Nat. Chem. Biol.12, 311.

Sundrud, M.S., et al. 2009, Science324, 1334.
Elkin, M., et al. 2000, FASEB J.14, 2477.
Elkin, M., et al. 1999, Clin. Cancer Res.5, 1982.

Rechtliche Hinweise

CALBIOCHEM is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Sicherheitshinweise

• Piktogramme: GHS06,GHS09
• Signalwort: Danger
• H-Sätze: H300 + H310 + H330 - H315 - H319 - H410
• P-Sätze: P262 - P264 - P273 - P280 - P302 + P352 + P310 - P304 + P340 + P310
• Gefahreneinstufungen: Acute Tox. 1 Dermal - Acute Tox. 2 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 2 Oral - Aquatic Acute 1 - Aquatic Chronic 1 - Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2
• Lagerklassenschlüssel: 6.1A - Combustible, acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials
• WGK: WGK 3
• Flammpunkt (°F): Not applicable
• Flammpunkt (°C): Not applicable