An aqueous solution can be sterile filtered using a filter with a pore size of 0.2 µm. A low protein binding membrane, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or polyethersulfone (PES), is recommended for this process.
L2637
Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O55:B5
purified by gel-filtration chromatography
Synonym(s):
LPS
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About This Item
Pricing and availability is not currently available.
biological source
Escherichia coli (O55:B5)
Quality Level
form
lyophilized powder
purified by
gel-filtration chromatography
impurities
<3% Protein
color
white to faint gray
solubility
water: soluble
shipped in
ambient
storage temp.
2-8°C
General description
This product is extracted from E. coli serotype O55:B5 and purified by gel filtration. The source strain is CDC 1644-70. The LPS O55:B5 has been used to stimulate human peritoneal macrophages at 1 ng/ml and to stimulate equine peritoneal macrophages at 1-100 ng/ml.
Application
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).
Biochem/physiol Actions
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics.
Preparation Note
The product is soluble in water (5 mg/ml) or cell culture medium (1 mg/ml) yielding a hazy, faint yellow solution. A more concentrated, though still hazy, solution (20 mg/ml) has been achieved in aqueous saline after vortexing and warming to 70-80 oC. Lipopolysaccharides are molecules that form micelles in every solvent. Hazy solutions are observed in water and phosphate buffered saline. Organic solvents do not give clearer solutions. Methanol yields a turbid suspension with floaters, while water yields a homogeneously hazy solution.
Other Notes
To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.
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This Item | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| biological source Escherichia coli (O55:B5) | biological source Escherichia coli (O26:B6) | biological source Escherichia coli (O55:B5) | biological source Escherichia coli (O111:B4) |
| Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 300 |
| solubility water: soluble | solubility water: 4.90-5.10 mg/mL, cloudy to hazy, colorless to faintly yellow | solubility water: soluble | solubility water: soluble |
| form lyophilized powder | form lyophilized powder | form lyophilized powder | form lyophilized powder |
| storage temp. 2-8°C | storage temp. 2-8°C | storage temp. 2-8°C | storage temp. 2-8°C |
| impurities <3% Protein | impurities <5% Protein | impurities 1-10% Protein (Lowry) | impurities <1% Protein |
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signalword
Danger
hcodes
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 2 Oral
Storage Class
6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials
wgk
WGK 3
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
ppe
Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
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John Bienenstock et al.
PloS one, 8(10), e76236-e76236 (2013-10-08)
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are being studied by different groups exploring a broad range of potential beneficial effects to the breastfed infant. Many of these effects have been attributed to a growth promotion effect on certain gut organisms such as
Yunru Ren et al.
Water research, 154, 153-161 (2019-02-21)
Aerosolized reclaimed water can cause inflammatory responses in lung after inhalation, and endotoxin has been identified as the main inducer. Since the effects of disinfection treatments on endotoxins had conflicting results, this study explored the changes of endotoxin activity and
Francisco J Quintana et al.
PloS one, 3(10), e3509-e3509 (2008-10-24)
B-cells integrate antigen-specific signals transduced via the B-cell receptor (BCR) and antigen non-specific co-stimulatory signals provided by cytokines and CD40 ligation in order to produce IgG antibodies. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) also provide co-stimulation, but the requirement for TLRs to generate
Global Trade Item Number
| SKU | GTIN |
|---|---|
| L2637-10MG | 04061833950258 |
| L2637-25MG | 04061833950265 |
| L2637-5MG | 04061833950272 |
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Wie lässt sich eine wässrige Lösung steril filtrieren? Welches Filtermaterial, welche Porengröße?
1 answer-
Helpful?
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How can I determine the shelf life / expiration / retest date of this product?
1 answer-
If this product has an expiration or retest date, it will be shown on the Certificate of Analysis (COA, CofA). If there is no retest or expiration date listed on the product's COA, we do not have suitable stability data to determine a shelf life. For these products, the only date on the COA will be the release date; a retest, expiration, or use-by-date will not be displayed.
For all products, we recommend handling per defined conditions as printed in our product literature and website product descriptions. We recommend that products should be routinely inspected by customers to ensure they perform as expected.
For products without retest or expiration dates, our standard warranty of 1 year from the date of shipment is applicable.
For more information, please refer to the Product Dating Information document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/418/501/product-dating-information-06-25-mk.pdfHelpful?
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How is shipping temperature determined? And how is it related to the product storage temperature?
1 answer-
Products may be shipped at a different temperature than the recommended long-term storage temperature. If the product quality is sensitive to short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped on wet or dry-ice. If the product quality is NOT affected by short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped at ambient temperature. As shipping routes are configured for minimum transit times, shipping at ambient temperature helps control shipping costs for our customers. For more information, please refer to the Storage and Transport Conditions document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/316/622/storage-transport-conditions-mk.pdf
Helpful?
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What is the molecular weight of this product ?
1 answer-
Lipopolysaccharides(LPS) are heterogeneous and do not have fully defined molecular weights. In the presence of strong surface active agents, and in the absence of divalent cations, LPS will have molecular weights in the range of 10?20 kDa. Please see the link below to review additional information regarding the nature of LPS, including molecular weight variability:
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/technical-documents/technical-article/research-and-disease-areas/cell-signaling/lipopolysaccharidesHelpful?
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Can I use DPBS to dilute? or just use water?
1 answer-
This product is tested for solubility at 5 mg/mL in water. Aqueous buffers such as DPBS are expected to be suitable as well. Pease see the link below to review a reference that may be helpful:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5685187/Helpful?
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