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MAB8419

Sigma-Aldrich

Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Antibody, X-Protein, a.a. 90-115, clone 227

clone 227, Chemicon®, from mouse

Synonym(s):

Trans-Activator X Gene Product

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About This Item

UNSPSC Code:
12352203
eCl@ss:
32160702
NACRES:
NA.41

biological source

mouse

Quality Level

antibody form

purified antibody

antibody product type

primary antibodies

clone

227, monoclonal

species reactivity

human

manufacturer/tradename

Chemicon®

technique(s)

ELISA: suitable
immunocytochemistry: suitable
western blot: suitable

isotype

IgG1κ

shipped in

wet ice

General description

Protein X (UniProt: P69713; also known as HBx, Peptide X, pX) is encoded by the X gene (Gene ID: 944566) in Hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) contains seven main proteins, which include Core, pre-Core, Small S, Middle S, Large S, Polymerase, and the HBx protein. HBx, a multifunctional protein, although not essential for HBV infection, plays a role in silencing host antiviral defenses and promoting viral transcription. It facilitates the efficient replication of HBV by stimulating HBV gene expression from the cccDNA template. It is mainly localized in the cytoplasm with a small fraction detected in the nucleus. However, its expression level can also influence its cellular localization. It is predominantly nuclear when expressed in cells at very low levels but becomes largely cytoplasmic as its expression level increases. In cytoplasm, a minor fraction may also associate with mitochondria. Its mitochondrial targeting sequence is localized in amino acids 68-117. HBx has an N-terminal negative regulatory domain and its transactivation or coactivation of the C-terminal domain is reported to interfere with host cell signaling transduction pathways to help HBV replication. The best-characterized HBx binding partner is the cellular damage-specific DNA binding protein 1 (DDB1) and the interaction of HBx-DDB1 is essential for HBV replication. HBx promotes the degradation of the cellular structural maintenance of chromosomes 5/6 complex (Smc5/6), which directly binds DNA and entraps DNA plasmids. HBx is directly involved in development of cirrhosis and liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. (Ref.: Kornyeyev, D., et al. (2019). J. Virol. 93(16); e00248-19; Hwang, G-Y., et al. (2003). J. Clin. Microbiol. 41(12); 5598-5603).

Specificity

Reacts with Hbx-protein (trans-activator X gene product) of hepatitis B virus (epitope recognized - amino acid positions 90-115).

SPECIES REACTIVITIES:
Reacts only with HBV-infected human cells.

Immunogen

Epitope: X-Protein, aa 90-115
Peptide cooresponding to aa90-115 of h HBV-X protein.

Application

Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Antibody, X-Protein, a.a. 90-115, clone 227 detects level of Hepatitis B Virus & has been published & validated for use in ELISA, WB & IC.
ELISA, immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry staining of infected liver tissues and HBV-transfected hepatoma cells. Optimal working dilutions must be determined by the end user.
Research Category
Infectious Diseases
Research Sub Category
Infectious Diseases - Viral

Physical form

Format: Purified
Liquid in 0.02M PBS pH 7.6, 0.25M NaCl containing 0.1% sodium azide.

Storage and Stability

Maintain at 2-8°C in undiluted aliquots for up to 12 months.

Other Notes

Concentration: Please refer to the Certificate of Analysis for the lot-specific concentration.

Legal Information

CHEMICON is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Disclaimer

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.

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Storage Class Code

10 - Combustible liquids

WGK

WGK 2

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable


Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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HBX causes cyclin D1 overexpression and development of breast cancer in transgenic animals that are heterozygous for p53.
Klein, A; Guhl, E; Tzeng, YJ; Fuhrhop, J; Levrero, M; Graessmann, M; Graessmann, A
Oncogene null
Accumulation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts in HBx recombinant HepG2 cells and HBx transgenic mice.
Ralph Gehrke, Maria A Brauchle, Kurt Reifenberg, Eberhard Hildt, Uwe Gruetzner et al.
Digestion null
Epigenetic modification induced by hepatitis B virus X protein via interaction with de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A.
Da-Li Zheng, Li Zhang, Na Cheng, Xiao Xu, Qing Deng, Xiao-Mei Teng, Ke-Sheng Wang et al.
Journal of Hepatology null
Ha-Yeon Lim et al.
Viruses, 14(10) (2022-10-28)
HBx, a multifunctional regulatory protein, plays an essential role in the replication and pathogenesis of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). In this study, we found that in human hepatoma cells, the tumor suppressor p53 downregulates HBx via ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation.
Hyun Kook Cho et al.
The Biochemical journal, 435(2), 431-439 (2011-01-20)
Chronic hepatitis B is a disease of the liver that can progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer. The HBx (hepatitis B virus X) protein of hepatitis B virus is a multifunctional regulator that induces ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress by previously

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