ABN83
Anti-Vesicular Nucleotide Transporter (VNUT Antibody)
serum, from guinea pig
Synonym(s):
Solute carrier family 17 member 9
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About This Item
UNSPSC Code:
12352203
eCl@ss:
32160702
NACRES:
NA.41
Recommended Products
biological source
guinea pig
Quality Level
antibody form
serum
antibody product type
primary antibodies
clone
polyclonal
species reactivity
mouse, rat
technique(s)
immunofluorescence: suitable
western blot: suitable
NCBI accession no.
UniProt accession no.
shipped in
dry ice
target post-translational modification
unmodified
Gene Information
mouse ... Slc17A9(228993)
rat ... Slc17A9(362287)
General description
Solute carrier family 17 member 9 (UniProt; also known as Vesicular nucleotide transporter, VNUT) is encoded by the Slc17a9 (also known as Vnut) gene (Gene ID 228993) in murine species. VNUT is an anion transporter family member that mediates the active accumulation of nucleotides (i.e., ATP, ADP, and UTP) into secretory vesicles, as well as the exocytosis of ATP from various tissue types. VNUT is expressed by tyrosine hydroxylase-/TH-positive dopaminergic (DA) amacrine/interplexiform cells (IPCs) in the retina, as well as by both DA and non-DA neurons in the midbrain. In addition to the 447-amino acid Slc17a9 transcript (NM_183161), putative protein coding isoforms based on automated computational analysis have been predicted (X1, XM_006500589; X2, XM_006500590; X3, XM_006500591). Two protein bands of sizes ~75 and ~50 kDa are identified in mouse retinal and cortical tissues by immunoblotting, with the 75 kDa band being the 447-a.a. canonical VNUT isoform and the ~50 kDa band likely representing isoform X1/X2. In addition, a ~60 kDa form is also reported, representing either another spliced form or less glycosylated form. Murine VNUT is a 11-transmembrane (a.a. 40-60, 74-94, 103-123, 129-149, 169-189, 192-212, 252-272, 287-307, 327-347, 380-400, 413-433) vesicular protein, having an extacellular/vacuolar N-terminal end (a.a. 1-39) and a cytoplasmic C-terminal tail (a.a. 434-447) with 5 cytoplasmic and 5 extacellular/vacuolar loops in between.
Specificity
This guinea pig polyclonal antiserum detected the ~75 kDa, ~60 kDa, and the ~50 kDa (X1/X2 VNUT isoforms) VNUT target bands in murine retinal and cortical homogenates. Immunogen peptide blocking abolished target bands detection.
Immunogen
Epitope: Second extracellular loop.
KLH-conjugated linear peptide corresponding to a sequence from the second extracellular loop of mouse Vesicular Nucleotide Transporter (VNUT).
Application
Immunofluorescence Analysis: A 1:1000 dilution from a representative lot immunostained amacrine/interplexiform cell (IPC) type by fluorescent immunohistochemistry staining of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, OCT-embedded mouse and rat vertical retinal cryosections, as well as of flatmounted mouse and rat retinae (Courtesy of Dr. Erica Fletcher, The University of Melbourne, Australia).
Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:500 dilution from a representative lot detected purified full-length recombinant VNUT, as well as endogenous VNUT in mouse retina extract (Courtesy of Dr Erica Fletcher, The University of Melbourne, Australia).
Immunofluorescence Analysis: A 1:1000 dilution from a representative lot immunostained VNUT-positive neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) by fluorescent immunohistochemistry staining of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, free-floating mouse brain cryosections (Courtesy of Dr. Erica Fletcher, The University of Melbourne, Australia).
Immunofluorescence Analysis: A representative lot immunostained tyrosine hydroxylase-/TH-positive amacrine/interplexiform cell (IPC) type in the inner nuclear layer (INL) by fluorescent immunohistochemistry staining of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, OCT-embedded mouse and rat vertical retinal cryosections, as well as flatmounted mouse retina (Ho, T., et al. (2015). Front. Cell. Neurosci. In Press).
Immunofluorescence Analysis: A representative lot immunostained tyrosine hydroxylase-/TH-positive dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) by fluorescent immunohistochemistry staining of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, free-floating mouse brain cryosections (Ho, T., et al. (2015). Front. Cell. Neurosci. In Press).
Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected the ~75 kDa and ~50 kDa X1/X2 VNUT isoforms in murine retinal and cortical homogenates, while no VUNT expression was detected in kidney homogenate. Immunogen peptide blocking abolished target bands detection (Ho, T., et al. (2015). Front. Cell. Neurosci. In Press).
Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:500 dilution from a representative lot detected purified full-length recombinant VNUT, as well as endogenous VNUT in mouse retina extract (Courtesy of Dr Erica Fletcher, The University of Melbourne, Australia).
Immunofluorescence Analysis: A 1:1000 dilution from a representative lot immunostained VNUT-positive neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) by fluorescent immunohistochemistry staining of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, free-floating mouse brain cryosections (Courtesy of Dr. Erica Fletcher, The University of Melbourne, Australia).
Immunofluorescence Analysis: A representative lot immunostained tyrosine hydroxylase-/TH-positive amacrine/interplexiform cell (IPC) type in the inner nuclear layer (INL) by fluorescent immunohistochemistry staining of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, OCT-embedded mouse and rat vertical retinal cryosections, as well as flatmounted mouse retina (Ho, T., et al. (2015). Front. Cell. Neurosci. In Press).
Immunofluorescence Analysis: A representative lot immunostained tyrosine hydroxylase-/TH-positive dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) by fluorescent immunohistochemistry staining of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, free-floating mouse brain cryosections (Ho, T., et al. (2015). Front. Cell. Neurosci. In Press).
Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected the ~75 kDa and ~50 kDa X1/X2 VNUT isoforms in murine retinal and cortical homogenates, while no VUNT expression was detected in kidney homogenate. Immunogen peptide blocking abolished target bands detection (Ho, T., et al. (2015). Front. Cell. Neurosci. In Press).
Research Category
Neuroscience
Neuroscience
Research Sub Category
Developmental Neuroscience
Developmental Neuroscience
This Anti-Vesicular Nucleotide Transporter (VNUT antibody is validated for use in WB, IF for the detection of Vesicular Nucleotide Transporter (VNUT.
Quality
Evaluated by Western Blotting in mouse brain tissue lysate.
Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:500 dilution of this antibody detected Vesicular Nucleotide Transporter (VNUT) in 10 µg of mouse brain tissue lysate.
Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:500 dilution of this antibody detected Vesicular Nucleotide Transporter (VNUT) in 10 µg of mouse brain tissue lysate.
Target description
~75/60/50 kDa observed. Target band size appears larger than the calculated molecular weight of 48.48 kDa due to glycosylation. Uncharacterized band(s) may appear in some lysates.
Physical form
Guinea pig polyclonal serum with 0.05% sodium azide.
Unpurified
Storage and Stability
Stable for 1 year at -20°C from date of receipt.
Handling Recommendations: Upon receipt and prior to removing the cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution. Aliquot into microcentrifuge tubes and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles, which may damage IgG and affect product performance.
Handling Recommendations: Upon receipt and prior to removing the cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution. Aliquot into microcentrifuge tubes and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles, which may damage IgG and affect product performance.
Other Notes
Concentration: Please refer to lot specific datasheet.
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
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Storage Class Code
10 - Combustible liquids
WGK
WGK 1
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.
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Van B Lu et al.
Nature communications, 10(1), 1029-1029 (2019-03-06)
Enteroendocrine cells are specialised sensory cells located in the intestinal epithelium and generate signals in response to food ingestion. Whilst traditionally considered hormone-producing cells, there is evidence that they also initiate activity in the afferent vagus nerve and thereby signal
Tracy Ho et al.
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 9, 389-389 (2015-10-27)
Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) is required for active accumulation of adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) into vesicles for purinergic neurotransmission, however, the cell types that express VNUT in the central nervous system remain unknown. This study characterized VNUT expression within the mammalian
Jonathan M Beckel et al.
Scientific reports, 8(1), 5726-5726 (2018-04-11)
Cross-reactions between innate immunity, lysosomal function, and purinergic pathways may link signaling systems in cellular pathologies. We found activation of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) triggers lysosomal ATP release from both astrocytes and retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells. ATP efflux was
Asako Inoue et al.
FEBS open bio, 10(8), 1612-1623 (2020-06-28)
Osteoblasts release adenosine triphosphate (ATP) out of the cell following mechanical stress. Although it is well established that extracellular ATP affects bone metabolism via P2 receptors [such as purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2X7R) and purinergic receptor P2Y2 (P2Y2R)], the mechanism of
Takuya Yokoyama et al.
The Journal of comparative neurology, 528(9), 1486-1501 (2019-12-07)
ATP is the major excitatory transmitter from chemoreceptor type I cells to sensory nerve endings in the carotid body, and has been suggested to be released by exocytosis from these cells. We investigated the mRNA expression and immunohistochemical localization of
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