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C3741

Sigma-Aldrich

Cholera Toxin B subunit

peroxidase conjugate (Contains ~ 2 moles HRP/mole of CTB. ~100 μg HRP conjugated to ~45 μg CTB), lyophilized powder

Synonym(s):

CTB

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About This Item

MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.77

conjugate

peroxidase conjugate (Contains ~ 2 moles HRP/mole of CTB. ~100 μg HRP conjugated to ~45 μg CTB)

Quality Level

form

lyophilized powder

peroxidase activity

>100 U/mg, pH 6.0, 20 °C

mol wt

pentamer 57 kDa
~12 kDa

solubility

H2O: soluble 10 mg/mL

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

CCOc1ccccc1C(=O)Nc2ccc(Cl)c(c2)C(F)(F)F

InChI

1S/C16H13ClF3NO2/c1-2-23-14-6-4-3-5-11(14)15(22)21-10-7-8-13(17)12(9-10)16(18,19)20/h3-9H,2H2,1H3,(H,21,22)

InChI key

YDXZSNHARVUYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Cholera toxin is produced by Vibrio cholerae species, and the gene ctxB (cortexillin II) encodes the B subunit of the toxin. Cholera toxin belongs to the AB2 family of toxins. It is composed of a single A subunit of 28 kDa and five B subunits of 11 kDa.

Specificity

HRP activity exceedes 100 pyrogallol units per mg of HRP in the CTB-HRP conjugate. Activity: 10-30 pyrogallol units per vial.

Application

Cholera toxin B subunit conjugated to peroxidase (CB-HRP) has been shown to be a more effective retrograde and transganglionic tracer for pelvic primary afferents from the urinary bladder than wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase or isolectin B4-horseradish peroxidase. Retrograde labeling with CB-HRP has been demonstrated in sympathetic pre-ganglionic neurons as well as in cells of the fastigial nuclei. It is also an effective anterograde tracer for the study of axonal and terminal labeling in the brain stem. Cholera Toxin B subunit has been used:
  • In the isolation of lipid rafts and analysis of B-cell receptor distribution, signaling and ubiquitination.
  • In the staining of lipid rafts in brain tissues.
  • As a transganglionic tracer to determine the central projections of the anterior ethmoidal nerve in rat.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Cholera toxin gains entry into the host cell via host′s glycolipid transport pathway. The toxin is an essential factor for the pathogenesis of cholera. The ToxR gene is responsible for the activation of the expression of the gene coding cholera toxin.
The cholera toxin B subunit is used for track tracing in neurological research, taking advantage of GM1 ganglioside binding and retrograde transport. Tissue culture cells treated with cholera toxin are not killed and tissues of animals do not become necrotic.

Packaging

Prepared and packaged using aseptic technique and sealed under vacuum.

Caution

Do not freeze.

Unit Definition

Unit definition: One pyrogallol unit converts 1 mg of pyrogallol to purpurogallin in 20 seconds at pH 6.0 at 20 °C.

Physical form

Lyophilized powder containing 11-13% protein with the balance consisting of phosphate buffer and sodium chloride.

Reconstitution

Reconstitution of the vial with 100 μl of water will yield a final solution containing: 1 mg/mL HRP, 0.45 mg/ml CTB, 10 mM phosphate buffer and 150 mM NaCl. Swirl bottles gently during reconstitution. Avoid vigorous pipetting of solutions that may lead to foaming. Solutions can be sterile filtered through a 0.2 μm filter. Store the reconstituted solutions at 2-8 °C.

Pictograms

Health hazard

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

Precautionary Statements

Hazard Classifications

Resp. Sens. 1

Storage Class Code

13 - Non Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 2

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable


Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Bhuvana Katkere et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 185(9), 5032-5039 (2010-09-28)
BCR-mediated Ag processing and presentation is critical to the initiation and control of a humoral immune response. Trafficking of internalized Ag-BCR complexes to intracellular Ag processing compartments is driven by ubiquitination of the cytoplasmic domain of the BCR. Using a
Physiological-range temperature changes modulate cognate antigen processing and presentation mediated by lipid raft-restricted ubiquitinated B cell receptor molecules
Katkere B, et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 1001653-1001653 (2010)
Ibrahim Ramirez-Soto et al.
Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, 56(4), 382-400 (2022-08-25)
Alpha synuclein (αSN) is a widely distributed protein in vertebrates whose physiological significance in many tissues remains unclear, being a key protein present in neurodegenerative disease such as Parkinson's Disease, Lewy Body Dementia, and in Sporadic-Inclusion Body Myositis. We search
Physiological-range temperature changes modulate cognate antigen processing and presentation mediated by lipid raft-restricted ubiquitinated B cell receptor molecules
Katkere B, et al.
Journal of Immunology, 1001653-1001653 (2010)
Active gamma-secretase is localized to detergent-resistant membranes in human brain
Hur JY, et al.
The FEBS journal, 275(6), 1174-1187 (2008)

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