Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a T cell derived chemokine that stimulates the Th2 mediated immune response and proliferation of B cells. The effects of IL-4 are mediated by two types of receptors, type I receptor consisting of IL-4Rα and common γ chain and type II receptor composed of IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1. The signalling stimulated by IL-4R leads to activation of JAK/STAT6 and IRS-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway. Through these pathways, IL-4 is responsible for endocytic activity of macrophages, chemotaxis of leukocytes in response to inflammation, angiogenesis and regulation of nitric oxide metabolism in macrophages. Anti-tumor effects of IL-4R signaling have been reported in cancers of breast, liver and renal cells Anti-Interleukin-4 soluble receptor specifically recognizes human cell surface IL-4R.
Specificity
The antibody will neutralize human cell surface IL-4 receptor mediated-bioactivity.
Immunogen
recombinant human IL-4 soluble receptor (IL-4 sR), expressed in Sf 21 insect cells.
Application
Anti-Interleukin-4 soluble receptor antibody may be used for immunoblotting at a working concentration of 1-2 μg/ml. For ELISA, a working concentration of 0.5-1.0 μg/ml is recommended. The antibody is suitable for neutralization reactions at a working concentration of 5-10 μg/ml. This antibody was used for immunostaining of parasympathetic neurons from guinea pig and human neuroblastoma cells at a dilution of 1:200.
Physical form
Lyophilized from 51.5 μL of a 0.2μm filitered solution in PBS (pH7.4) with 5% trehalose.
The Journal of clinical investigation, 116(1), 228-236 (2005-12-24)
Eosinophils cluster around airway nerves in patients with fatal asthma and in antigen-challenged animals. Activated eosinophils release major basic protein, which blocks inhibitory M2 muscarinic receptors (M2Rs) on nerves, increasing acetylcholine release and potentiating vagally mediated bronchoconstriction. We tested whether
European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 19(115), 46-54 (2010-10-20)
Asthma is a complex, persistent, inflammatory disease characterised by airway hyperresponsiveness in association with airway inflammation. Studies suggest that regular use of high-dose inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting bronchodilators or omalizumab (a humanised monoclonal antibody that binds to immunoglobulin E and
The Journal of experimental medicine, 176(1), 287-292 (1992-07-01)
Expression of the macrophage mannose receptor is inhibited by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), a T helper type 1 (Th-1)-derived lymphokine. Interleukin 4 (IL-4), a Th-2 lymphocyte product, upregulates major histocompatibility class II antigen expression but inhibits inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages.
The mechanism of differentiation of naïve T cells to a variety of effector lineages, but particularly to T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells, has been the subject of intense scrutiny over the past two decades. Studies have revealed
Although macrophages were originally recognized as major immune effector cells, it is now appreciated that they also play many important roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, and are involved in a variety of pathological conditions including cancer. Several studies
Our team of scientists has experience in all areas of research including Life Science, Material Science, Chemical Synthesis, Chromatography, Analytical and many others.