N-Desmethylclozapine is an active metabolite of Clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug used for treatment of schizophrenia. Clozapine is sold under the trade names Clozaril® and FrazaClo in the US. This Certified Snap-N-Spike® Solution is suitable for use in urine drug testing, clinical toxicology, forensic analysis, and clinical monitoring by LC-MS/MS or GC/MS.
European journal of pharmacology, 660(2-3), 341-350 (2011-04-26)
We have previously reported that N-desmethylclozapine (NDMC), a major clozapine metabolite, acts as a δ-opioid receptor agonist. Here, we show that in different cellular systems NDMC regulates protein kinase B/Akt (Akt) signaling through the activation of δ-opioid receptors. In Chinese
British journal of pharmacology, 162(3), 763-772 (2010-10-21)
We have previously reported that galantamine, a weak acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, improves prepulse inhibition (PPI) deficits in mice reared in social isolation. ACh receptors are involved in the underlying mechanism of PPI, but whether rearing in social isolation causes dysfunction of
Pharmacogenetics and genomics, 22(8), 561-576 (2012-05-09)
Clozapine (CLZ) is an FDA approved second-generation antipsychotic for refractory schizophrenia, and glucuronidation is an important pathway in its metabolism. The aim of this study was to fully characterize the CLZ glucuronidation pathway and examine whether polymorphisms in active glucuronidating
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 40(10), 1909-1916 (2012-06-28)
A significant barrier to realization of the full potential of clozapine as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of schizophrenia is the substantial interpatient variability that exists along the therapeutic continuum of no response-efficacious response-adverse response. Genetic polymorphisms that manifest
To highlight some problems that may occur when investigating clozapine-associated deaths including (i) that death may be related to gastrointestinal hypomotility and (ii) that post-mortem blood clozapine and norclozapine concentrations may not reflect ante-mortem concentrations. A 41-year-old male died 40
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