Protein C (PROC) or activated protein C is a serine protease. It is expressed in the lungs. The gene encoding this protein is localized on human chromosome 2q14.
Protein C is synthesized by liver parenchymal cells as a single chain polypeptide, but in plasma, it consists mainly of a heavy chain (41 kDa) linked by a disulfide bond to a light chain (21 kDa). The plasma concentration of protein C is ~ 4 mg/mL with a half-life of about 15 hours.
Specificity
Specifically reacts with protein C in normal pooled human plasma and shows no reaction with protein C-depleted plasma.
Immunogen
Protein C from human plasma.
Application
Anti-Protein C antibody produced in rabbit has been used to study the effects of zirconia-based stationary phase on its activity.
Anti-Protein C may be used for the immunochemical determination of protein C levels in normal and pathogenic human plasma. Determination of protein C levels can be used in the study of regulation of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Protein C (PROC) functions as a cytoprotective anticoagulant and has anti-inflammatory effects. PROC inactivates factors Va and VIIIa. The protein stabilizes the endothelial barrier and thereby reduces vascular permeability. It also modulates gene expression.
Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent plasma zymogen which plays an essential role in the regulation of blood coagulation. Activated protein C also enhances fibrinolysis by forming a complex with plasminogen activator inhibitor, thus allowing enhanced activity of plasminogen activator. Hereditary and acquired protein C deficiency states have been recognized to be associated with thrombosis. Homozygous severe protein C deficiency manifests in the new born by massive thrombosis and purpura fulminans. Heterozygotes for this entity usually do not manifest thrombosis.
Physical form
Solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, containing 15 mM sodium azide.
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