9(S)-HODE is a pro-inflammatory linoleic acid lipoxygenation product.
9(S)-HODE is produced by the lipoxygenation of linoleic acid. It is a major component of plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein. 9-HODE has been shown to stimulate cell proliferation and and extracellular matrix synthesis in human mesangial cells via PPARgamma. Pro-inflammatory effects of 9-HODE, acting through the receptor GPR132, can contribute to atherosclerosis progression. 9-HODE has also been shown to activate spinal TRPV1, leading to inflammatory hyperalgesia.
Zhenwu decoction (ZWD) is a promising traditional Chinese prescription against renal fibrosis, while its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Rat model of renal fibrosis were established and divided into control group, model group, ZWD treatment group and enalapril maleate treatment group.
[Activation mechanism of PPARgamma by its endogenous ligands].
Takuma Shiraki
Seikagaku. The Journal of Japanese Biochemical Society, 79(10), 960-964 (2007-11-22)
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 19(3), 546-551 (1999-03-12)
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) is a major physiological inhibitor of fibrinolysis, with its plasma levels correlating with the risk for myocardial infarction and venous thrombosis. The regulation of PAI-1 transcription by endothelial cells (ECs), a major source of PAI-1
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 92(6), 1461-1467 (2010-10-15)
A Mediterranean diet has been associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. A possible mechanism is through a decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO); however, evidence linking the Mediterranean diet with lower LPO in premenopausal women is sparse.
British journal of pharmacology, 167(8), 1643-1651 (2012-08-07)
Two oxidation products of linoleic acid, 9- and 13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids (HODEs), have recently been suggested to act as endovanilloids, that is, endogenous agonists of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) channels, thereby contributing to inflammatory hyperalgesia in rats. However, HODE activity
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