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Merck

Protein bioaccessibility from mycoprotein hyphal structure: In vitro investigation of underlying mechanisms.

Food chemistry (2020-06-26)
Raffaele Colosimo, Frederick J Warren, Tim J A Finnigan, Peter J Wilde
RESUMEN

Mycoprotein is a food ingredient from filamentous fungi rich in protein and fibre. This study investigated the protein bioaccessibility from the fungal cells by colourimetric assays in different mycoprotein formulations, following extraction methods and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. The methods effects were further analysed by static laser light scattering, SDS-PAGE and optical-fluorescence microscopy. The extraction methods released a comparable proportion of protein (30 wt%) independent of sample concentration (10 wt% and 25 wt%), whereas the simulated digestions endpoints released a higher proportion of protein from the less concentrated (46 wt%). Furthermore, mechanical/physical processing had only a minor impact. Intestinal proteases promoted the most efficient protein release but without causing any apparent damage to the cell walls when viewed by microscopy. This suggested that the enzymes can diffuse through the cell walls, due to its porosity/permeability, and are the main factors responsible for the hydrolysis and bioaccessibility of protein from mycoprotein.

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Sigma-Aldrich
Pepsina from porcine gastric mucosa, lyophilized powder, ≥2,500 units/mg protein (E1%/280)
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Pancreatina from porcine pancreas, 8 × USP specifications
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Hidróxido de sodio, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. Ph. Eur., K ≤0.02%, ≥98%, pellets
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Cloruro de amonio, for molecular biology, suitable for cell culture, ≥99.5%
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Triton X-100, laboratory grade
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Cloruro de sodio, BioXtra, ≥99.5% (AT)
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Driselase from Basidiomycetes sp., powder, Protein ≥10 % by biuret
Solid-glass beads, borosilicate, diam. 1 mm
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Urea, suitable for electrophoresis
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Thiourea, ACS reagent, ≥99.0%
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Calcofluor White Stain, suitable for microbiology
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Protein standard, Micro Standard, liquid
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Lactophenol blue solution, for microscopy, for staining molds
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3-[(3-Colamidopropil)dimetilamonio]-1-propanosulfonato hydrate, 98%
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Toluidine Blue, 8.74% (ZN (THEORY)), for microscopy (Hist., Vit.)