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L4900

Sigma-Aldrich

Lonidamine

mitochondrial hexokinase inhibitor

Synonym(s):

1-(2,4-Dichlorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid, Diclondazolic acid

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C15H10Cl2N2O2
CAS Number:
50264-69-2
Molecular Weight:
321.16
EC Number:
256-510-0
MDL number:
MFCD00866285
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
PubChem Substance ID:
24278515
NACRES:
NA.77

Quality Level

200

Assay

≥98% (TLC)

form

powder

solubility

chloroform: methanol (1:1): 9.80-10.20 mg/mL, clear, colorless to light yellow

SMILES string

OC(=O)c1nn(Cc2ccc(Cl)cc2Cl)c3ccccc13

InChI

1S/C15H10Cl2N2O2/c16-10-6-5-9(12(17)7-10)8-19-13-4-2-1-3-11(13)14(18-19)15(20)21/h1-7H,8H2,(H,20,21)

InChI key

WDRYRZXSPDWGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Application

Lonidamine has been used:
  • as an inhibitor of glycolysis to study its effects on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism in cancer stem cells (CSC)
  • as mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)- inducing drug to study its effects on temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma cell line
  • as mitochondrial hexokinase inhibitor to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human acute myeloid leukemia cells

Biochem/physiol Actions

Lonidamine (LND) is an indazole derivative and is an anti-spermatogenic agent. It exhibits anti-tumor activity by sensitizing tumors to photodynamic, chemo-, radiotherapy, and hyperthermia. LND also interferes with energy metabolism by blocking glycolysis, adenosine diphosphate (ADP-), and uncoupler-stimulated respiration on various nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD-) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-linked substrates, hexokinase activity, and oxygen uptake in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. It blocks lactate export and pyruvate uptake into the mitochondria by inhibiting proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC), respectively.
Inhibits the energy metabolism of neoplastic cells by interfering with hexokinase and disrupting uncoupler-stimulated mitochondrial electron transport; damages cell and mitochondrial membranes.

Pictograms

Health hazardExclamation mark
GHS08,GHS07

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

H302,H351,H360

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Carc. 2 - Repr. 1B

Storage Class Code

6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Lara Milane et al.
Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine, 7(4), 435-444 (2011-01-12)
The aim of this study was to assess the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted polymer-blend nanoparticles loaded with the anticancer drugs lonidamine and paclitaxel. Plasma, tumor, and tissue distribution profiles were quantified in an orthotopic animal
Theodore I Steinman
Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension, 21(2), 189-194 (2012-01-26)
The review will examine clinically relevant advances in the area of polycystic kidney disease (PKD), mainly focusing on autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Discussion will focus on predicting the course of ADPKD, clinical trials and new research endeavors. During
H Ben-Horin et al.
Cancer research, 55(13), 2814-2821 (1995-07-01)
The mechanism of action of the antineoplastic drug lonidamine (LND) on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells was studied with the use of 31P and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The cells were embedded in alginate microcapsules, perfused with growth
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of lonidamine in rats: evidence of enterohepatic recycling.
J G Besner et al.
Drug metabolism reviews, 29(1-2), 219-234 (1997-02-01)
Marilisa P Dimmito et al.
Biomolecules, 9(9) (2019-09-19)
The endocannabinoid system represents an integrated neuronal network involved in the control of several organisms' functions, such as feeding behavior. A series of hybrids of 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichloro-phenyl)-4-methyl-N-(piperidin-1-yl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (mimonabant), a well-known inverse agonist of the type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1), once used as
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