Sudan I is a lysochrome, a diazo-conjugate dye, used as an industrial dye, added to products such as waxes, oils, petrol, solvents and polishes. Sudan I is a category 3 carcinogen previously, now banned, used to color certain foodstuffs.
Journal of chromatography, 435(1), 113-126 (1988-01-01)
The adsorption and partition properties of several fatty acid esters of capsanthin, capsorubin, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, violaxanthin and beta-citraurin isolated from fruits were studied by normal-phase (silica) and reversed-phase (octadecylsilane) liquid chromatography using Sudan 1 as internal standard. The separation on
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 401(4), 1411-1422 (2011-07-07)
Sudan dyes have been found to be added to chilli and chilli products for illegal colour enhancement purposes. Due to the possible carcinogenic effect, they are not authorized to be used in food in the European Union or the USA.
Chemical research in toxicology, 26(2), 290-299 (2013-01-08)
Sudan I (1-phenylazo-2-hydroxynaphthol) is a suspected human carcinogen causing tumors in the livers and urinary bladders of rats, mice, and rabbits. Here, we investigated for the first time the influence of Sudan I exposure on the expression of several biotransformation
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 48 Suppl 1, S106-S111 (2010-02-02)
Sudan I is generally considered mutagenic based on various in vitro and in vivo tests and is carcinogenic in the rat. Dose-response modelling of the data for hepatocellular adenomas in male rats gave a BMDL(10) of 7.3mg/kg-bw/day. Sudan I is
The journal of physical chemistry. A, 117(3), 642-649 (2013-01-08)
In this study, Raman, infrared, UV/vis, NMR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction spectroscopies are used to elucidate the tautomeric equilibrium of azo dyes derived from 1-phenyl-azo-2-naphthol (Sudan I). A new crystallographic structure is described for Sudan I, revealing the presence
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