This material is soluble at 8 mg/mL in DMSO and 16 mg/mL in water. The product has not been tested for use in cell culture applications but has been used successfully by other researchers. Please see the link below to review the available publications:
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/search/d150959?focus=papers&page=1&perpage=30&sort=relevance&term=D150959&type=citation_search
D150959
1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride
97%
Synonym(s):
Metformin
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About This Item
Linear Formula:
NH2C(=NH)NHC(=NH)N(CH3)2 · HCl
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
165.62
EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352100
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.22
Pricing and availability is not currently available.
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Quality Level
Assay
97%
form
crystals
mp
223-226 °C (lit.)
SMILES string
Cl[H].CN(C)C(=N)NC(N)=N
InChI
1S/C4H11N5.ClH/c1-9(2)4(7)8-3(5)6;/h1-2H3,(H5,5,6,7,8);1H
InChI key
OETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Gene Information
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General description
1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride (metformin) is a strong base. It forms well defined salts and possessing excellent coordination capacity with transition metals, forming highly colored bidentate chelate complexes.[1] Metformin (MET) exists in various forms: diprotonated (H2MET)2+ in strong acidic solution, monoprotonated (HMET)+ in weak acid, MET in neutral and deprotonated (MET)- in strong alkali solution.[2] It is an oral antidiabetic drug. Pharmacokinetics of metformin has been studied.[3] Determination of metformin in human plasma has been described by simple HPLC-UV method.[4] Metformin is reported to increase plasma active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in humans.[5]
Metformin is used as an organic base catalyst for the transesterification of coconut oil with methanol.
Metformin is used as an organic base catalyst for the transesterification of coconut oil with methanol.
Application
1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride is suitable biguanide agent used in a study to investigate its role in enhancing the secretions of plasma active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels.[5] It may be used in the synthesis of the following:
Biochem/physiol Actions
Metformin is an antidiabetic agent that reduces blood glucose levels and improves insulin sensitivity. Its metabolic effects, including the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis, are mediated at least in part by activation of the LKB1-AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) pathway. Activation of this pathway also appears to be involved in the antiproliferative and proapoptotic actions of metformin in cancer cell lines.
Signal Word
Warning
Hazard Statements
Precautionary Statements
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Irrit. 2
Storage Class Code
11 - Combustible Solids
WGK
WGK 1
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Personal Protective Equipment
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
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Nobuyuki Yasuda et al.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 298(5), 779-784 (2002-11-07)
Metformin was reported to increase plasma active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in humans. There are two possible mechanisms for this effect: (1) metformin inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV), an enzyme degrading GLP-1, and (2) metformin enhances GLP-1 secretion. To elucidate the
Bis (1, 1-dimethylbiguanido) nickel (II).
Zhu M, et al.
Acta Crystallographica Section E, Structure Reports Online, 58(6), 272-274 (2002)
1,1-Dimethylbiguanidium tetrabromothallate (III).
He Z, et al.
Acta Crystallographica Section E, Structure Reports Online, 58(11), m647-m649 (2002)
Bis (1,1-dimethylbiguanido) copper (II) octahydrate.
Zhu M, et al.
Acta Crystallographica Section E, Structure Reports Online, 58(5), 217-219 (2002)
Eric P Kusnadi et al.
The EMBO journal, 39(21), e105111-e105111 (2020-09-19)
Elevated ribosome biogenesis in oncogene-driven cancers is commonly targeted by DNA-damaging cytotoxic drugs. Our previous first-in-human trial of CX-5461, a novel, less genotoxic agent that specifically inhibits ribosome biogenesis via suppression of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription, revealed single-agent
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Is this product (D150959) cell culture grade and how is it solved?
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What are the recommended storage conditions for metformin crystals? What are the storage conditions and stability duration of metformin once it is dissolved in water?
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This product may be stored at room temperature. Stock solutions prepared in distilled water may be stored in aliquots at -20° for up to 2 months.
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What is the recommended method for reconstituting item D150959, 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride?
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This item is soluble in DMSO (up to 8 mg/ml) or in water (up to 16 mg/ml).
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What is the Department of Transportation shipping information for this product?
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Transportation information can be found in Section 14 of the product's (M)SDS.To access the shipping information for this material, use the link on the product detail page for the product.
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What solvents can be used to dissolve Product D150959, 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride?
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According to the chemicals encyclopedia published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, 1,1-dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride is expected to be soluble in water, or in 95% alcohol.
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