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L2880

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O55:B5

Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O55:B5

purified by phenol extraction

Synonym(s):

LPS

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About This Item

CAS Number:
93572-42-0
EC Number:
297-473-0
MDL number:
MFCD00164401
UNSPSC Code:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.25
Pricing and availability is not currently available.

biological source

Escherichia coli (O55:B5)

Quality Level

300

form

lyophilized powder

purified by

phenol extraction

technique(s)

cell based assay: suitable

impurities

<3% Protein (Lowry)

color

off-white to tan

solubility

water: soluble

application(s)

cell analysis
clinical research
life science and biopharma

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are glycolipids,[1] a combination of carbohydrate units linked with single or multiple fatty acids that are found in the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria.[2] The LPS is an essential component of the outer membrane and the LPS structure is composed of lipid A, a glucosamine-based phospholipid, a short-core oligosaccharide, and an O-antigen, a distal polysaccharide.[3]

Application

Lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli O55:B5 has been used:
  • to stimulate hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells[4]
  • to stimulate the spleen and study the expression of the Malitaf gene in the fish blunt snout bream[5]
  • as part of the concanavalin A (ConA) and D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (D-GalN/LPS) model of fulminant hepatitis to study the effect of the natural compound hesperetin[6]
  • to check the cell viability of human chorionic villi-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hCMSCs) by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay[7]
  • to induce oligodendrocyte toxicity to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of few compounds[8]
  • to induce sarcopenia in rats to evaluate the antioxidant effects of curcumin-loaded hydrophobic surface-modified hydroxyapatite[9]
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) sets up a protective permeability barrier that blocks the entry of antibiotics and bile salts, which make Gram-negative bacteria innately resistant. LPS is involved in bacterial pathogenicity as the host immune system primarily encounters the LPS component of the bacteria. LPS is an endotoxin and a highly immunogenic antigen that can enhance the immune system. The lipid A of LPS stimulates host cells via toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4).[1]

Other Notes

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For additional information on our range of Biochemicals, please complete this form.
For optimal reconstitution of LPS products, an intensive vortex is required before use, regardless of the container type. Ensure that the storage solution concentration is at least 1 mg/ml. While borosilicate (silanized) containers are recommended, polypropylene (PP) plastic containers may also be used.
To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.

related product

Product No.
Description
Pricing

Pictograms

Skull and crossbones
GHS06

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

H300

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 2 Oral

Storage Class Code

6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
0000428249
0000428249
0000428255
0000428255
0000428250

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Yun Feng et al.
Stem cell research & therapy, 11(1), 2-2 (2020-01-05)
ALI/ARDS is the major cause of acute respiratory failure in critically ill patients. As human chorionic villi-derived MSCs (hCMSCs) could attenuate ALI in the airway injury model, and liraglutide, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonist, possesses anti-inflammatory and proliferation promotion functions
Ya-Jyun Liang et al.
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 10(4) (2021-05-01)
Oxidative stress and later-induced chronic inflammation have been reported to play an important role on the progression of sarcopenia. Current treatments for sarcopenia are mainly administered to patients whom sarcopenia already developed. However, there has been no promising results shown
Outer membrane permeability and antibiotic resistance
Delcour A H, et al.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Proteins and Proteomics, 1794(5) , 808-816 (2009)
A liver microphysiological system of tumor cell dormancy and inflammatory
responsiveness is affected by scaffold properties
Clark AM
Cancer Discovery null
Promising neuroprotective effects of ?-caryophyllene against LPS-induced oligodendrocyte toxicity: A mechanistic study
Askari V R and Shafiee-Nick R
Biochemical Pharmacology, 159, 154-171 (2019)
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Questions

1–9 of 9 Questions  

  1. I recently purchased this item and I would like to understand how lethal/toxic/dangerous is for humans once diluted to 0.5mg/ml. I would need to inject ip fish with a certain volume from that stock solution.

    1 answer

    1. Toxicological information, when available, is provided in section 11 of the safety data sheet. It is unclear which fish model is being used to study toxicity. Consulting scientific literature is recommended for these details. Below is some information that may be useful to address the question.

      https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/sds/sigma/l2880?userType=anonymous

      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10934529.2012.695254

      https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/2/2390

      https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/technical-documents/protocol/clinical-testing-and-diagnostics-manufacturing/bacteriology/lipopolysaccharides?srsltid=AfmBOoo1e2mKmwy-vXjZvAmV-Epz80sS4TfN11C2ShOHlc0FPWkb9_2n

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  2. How can I determine the shelf life / expiration / retest date of this product?

    1 answer

    1. If this product has an expiration or retest date, it will be shown on the Certificate of Analysis (COA, CofA). If there is no retest or expiration date listed on the product's COA, we do not have suitable stability data to determine a shelf life. For these products, the only date on the COA will be the release date; a retest, expiration, or use-by-date will not be displayed.
      For all products, we recommend handling per defined conditions as printed in our product literature and website product descriptions. We recommend that products should be routinely inspected by customers to ensure they perform as expected.
      For products without retest or expiration dates, our standard warranty of 1 year from the date of shipment is applicable.
      For more information, please refer to the Product Dating Information document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/449/386/product-dating-information-mk.pdf

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  3. How is shipping temperature determined? And how is it related to the product storage temperature?

    1 answer

    1. Products may be shipped at a different temperature than the recommended long-term storage temperature. If the product quality is sensitive to short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped on wet or dry-ice. If the product quality is NOT affected by short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped at ambient temperature. As shipping routes are configured for minimum transit times, shipping at ambient temperature helps control shipping costs for our customers. For more information, please refer to the Storage and Transport Conditions document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/316/622/storage-transport-conditions-mk.pdf

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  4. Hi, Can you provide the information regarding molecular weight of this LPS?

    1 answer

    1. The molecular weight of this product has not been determined. In general, the molecular weight of native LPS may range from 1 – 4 million Daltons or higher. When treated with SDS and heat, the molecular weight of LPS may range from 50 to 100 kDa.

      Helpful?

  5. What is the number of acetyl groups attached to the lipid A moiety?

    1 answer

    1. The acyl chain length and number of acyl groups may vary between bacterial species. Certain researchers claim there are 6 acyl groups for LPS from this strain of bacteria. Please refer to those peer reviewed papers below for more information.

      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939641122002338#:~:text=%5B14%5D%2C%20%5B42%5D,in%20a%20single%20LPS%20structure.

      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16934960/

      Helpful?

  6. Can you provide information on the solubility and solution stability of this product?

    1 answer

    1. LPS products in solution are expected to be stable in phosphate buffered saline at a concentration of 1 mg/mL when stored at 4 °C for at least one month. For long-term storage, it is recommended to use frozen aliquots. In order to prevent LPS binding to glass, it is advisable to store the solution in silanized containers. If glass containers are used, it is recommended to vortex the solutions for at least 30 minutes to dissolve any bound LPS.

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  7. Does the bacterial strain have specific information available, such as whether it originates from a private collection or if there is an associated ATCC number?

    1 answer

    1. Unfortunately, the specific strains used to make L2880 are considered proprietary.

      Helpful?

  8. hello, I was wondering what the best way to reconstitute this LPS is

    1 answer

    1. LPS products can be reconstituted in phosphate buffered saline at 1 mg/mL.

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  9. Which LPS grade should be used to induce neurotoxicity in rats?

    1 answer

    1. There is no Lipopolysaccharide product offered specifically for the induction of neurotoxicity in rats. Escherichia coli strain O55:B5 has been used to induce oligodendrocyte toxicity to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of certain compounds. In addition, Escherichia coli strain O111:B4 has been cited in the literature as suitable for LPS-induced neurotoxicity. For use with animal models, LPS purified by gel filtration is most commonly used to eliminate the risk of any residual solvents.

      Please see the links below to review the E. coli strains O111:B4 and O55:B5 that have been purified by gel filtration:
      Lipopolysaccharides – Glycobiology
      https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/technical-documents/technical-article/research-and-disease-areas/cell-signaling/lipopolysaccharides
      Lipopolysaccharides – selection table
      https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/technical-documents/protocol/clinical-testing-and-diagnostics-manufacturing/bacteriology/lipopolysaccharides

      Helpful?

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