Carvedilol is a β- and α1-adrenoreceptor blocker for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure (CHF). The drug is metabolized by CYP2D6 (to 4′-OH and 5′-OH), CYP2C9 (to O-desmethyl), CYP1A2 (to 8-OH). It is also oxidized to 1-OH carvedilol, but the enzyme involved is not yet clear. These metabolites are useful markers for studying and monitoring the activities of cytochrome metabolizing enzymes. M4 metabolite (4′-OH), but not M2 or M5, is most likely to contribute to total β-adrenoceptor blocking activity due to its higher potency.
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Journal of clinical pharmacology, 40(8), 844-853 (2000-08-10)
Carvedilol is a relatively new drug with beta- and alpha 1-receptor blocking activity and antioxidant effects recently approved for the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF). An ascending, multiple-dose study was completed in 20 male patients with stable New York
Journal of Korean medical science, 33(27), e182-e182 (2018-07-03)
Carvedilol is commonly used to treat hypertension as a β- and α1-adrenoreceptor blocker, but it is metabolized by CYP2D6, and CYP2D6*10 allele is dominant in Asian population. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of CYP2D6 polymorphisms
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 26(10), 958-969 (1998-10-08)
The excretion and biotransformation of carvedilol [1-[carbazolyl-(4)-oxy]-3-[(2-methoxyphenoxyethyl)amino]-2-p ropanol], a new, multiple-action, neurohormonal antagonist that exhibits the combined pharmacological activities of beta-adrenoreceptor antagonism, vasodilation, and antioxidation, were investigated in dogs, rats, and mice. Carvedilol was absorbed well, and biliary secretion was
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