D-penicillamine disulfide (PNS) shows protolytic properties and is able to form complexes with cations, because it has two aminic groups and two carboxylic groups. The four protonation constants of its deprotonated species were determined by means of electromotive force (e.m.f.)
Journal of chromatography, 491(2), 341-354 (1989-07-21)
Methodology is described for the simultaneous determination of D-penicillamine, penicillamine disulfide and the penicillamine-glutathione mixed disulfide, as well as glutathione and glutathione disulfide, in human plasma, erythrocytes and urine. The various thiols and disulfides are separated by reversed-phase ion-pairing liquid
Determination of penicillamine in encapsulated formulations by high-performance liquid chromatography.
S Biffar et al.
Journal of chromatography, 318(2), 404-407 (1985-01-18)
Journal of inorganic biochemistry, 101(4), 594-602 (2007-02-06)
D-Penicillamine is a potent copper (Cu) chelating agent. D-Pen reduces Cu(II) to Cu(I) in the process of chelation while at the same time being oxidized to D-penicillamine disulfide. It has been proposed that hydrogen peroxide is generated during this process.
A recently rediscovered reaction of base-assisted lanthionine formation has been applied to several systems of disulfide-bridged peptides. In addition to previously described nonapeptides consisting of i, i+3 cystine linkages, the reaction has now been extended to systems consisting of shorter
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