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SRP0292

Sigma-Aldrich

Cathepsin S Active human

recombinant, expressed in FreeStyle™ 293-F cells, ≥90% (SDS-PAGE)

Synonym(s):

CTSS, MGC3886

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About This Item

UNSPSC Code:
12352204
NACRES:
NA.54

biological source

human

recombinant

expressed in FreeStyle™ 293-F cells

Assay

≥90% (SDS-PAGE)

form

aqueous solution

specific activity

≥8100 pmol/min-μg

mol wt

37 kDa

technique(s)

activity assay: suitable

suitability

suitable for molecular biology

NCBI accession no.

NM_004079.3

application(s)

life science and biopharma

shipped in

dry ice

storage temp.

−70°C

Gene Information

human ... CTSS(1520)

General description

Research area: Cell Signaling

Human cathepsin S (GenBank Accession No. NM_004079.3), CD33 signal peptide (amino acids 1-16) + cathepsin S (amino acids 17-331), with C-terminal HIS tag, MW = 37 kDa, expressed in FreeStyle 293-F cells. Cathepsin S belongs to the cysteine cathepsin protease family. It has limited tissue expression, being associated with antigen-presenting cells localized in lymph and spleen, as well as other immune cells like macrophages. Human cathepsin S is produced from its corresponding CTSS gene on chromosome 1q21 and is synthesized as a pre-proenzyme.

Application

Active human cathepsin S has been used:
  • to assess the pathogenesis of Alzheimer′s disease.
  • to investigate the optimization of selectivity of Azepanone-based inhibitors.
  • for the immunocytochemical detection of cathepsin-S in mouse samples.
  • for incubating mouse brain sections to test the impact of cathepsin-S on perineuronal nets (PNNs) integrity.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Cathepsin S, as a lysosomal protease, facilitates the breakdown of unwanted and damaged proteins in the endo-lysosomal pathway. Moreover, it plays specific roles, such as contributing to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen presentation by aiding in the degradation of the invariant chain. Dysregulation of cathepsin S has been associated with various pathological conditions, such as cancer, arthritis, and cardiovascular disease. Cathepsin S is useful for the study of enzyme kinetics, screening inhibitors, and selectivity profiling. It is also used as a biomarker for atherosclerosis, diabetes, adiposity, and atherogenesis. Moreover, it acts as a promising target against brain-penetrating and for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and neuropathic pain.

Unit Definition

One unit is defined as the amount of enzyme that will cleave 1 pmol of substrate per min at 37°C

Physical form

Formulated in 45 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 124 mM NaCl, 2.4 mM KCl, 225 mM imidazole, 3 mM DTT, and 10% glycerol.

Preparation Note

Thaw on ice. Upon first thaw, briefly spin tube containing enzyme to recover full content of the tube. Aliquot enzyme into single use aliquots. Store remaining undiluted enzyme in aliquots at -70°C. Note: Enzyme is very sensitive to freeze/thaw cycles.

Legal Information

FreeStyle is a trademark of Invitrogen Corp.

Pictograms

Health hazardExclamation mark
GHS08,GHS07

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

H315,H319,H360D

Hazard Classifications

Eye Irrit. 2 - Repr. 1B - Skin Irrit. 2

Storage Class Code

6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Harry Pantazopoulos et al.
eNeuro, 7(4) (2020-07-29)
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are extracellular matrix (ECM) structures that envelop neurons and regulate synaptic functions. Long thought to be stable structures, PNNs have been recently shown to respond dynamically during learning, potentially regulating the formation of new synapses. We postulated
Richard D A Wilkinson et al.
Biological chemistry, 396(8), 867-882 (2015-04-16)
Cathepsin S is a member of the cysteine cathepsin protease family. It is a lysosomal protease which can promote degradation of damaged or unwanted proteins in the endo-lysosomal pathway. Additionally, it has more specific roles such as MHC class II
Jeffrey K Kerns et al.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 21(15), 4409-4415 (2011-07-08)
A series of azepanone inhibitors of cathepsin S is described. Selectivity over both cathepsin K and cathepsin L was achieved by varying the P2 substituent. Ultimately, a balanced potency and selectivity profile was achieved in compound 39 possessing a 1-methylcyclohexyl
D Brömme et al.
Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society, 5(4), 789-791 (1996-04-01)
We have expressed active human cathepsin S to 60 mg/L in Sf9 cells using a baculovirus system. Production of milligram quantities has facilitated crystallographic studies to determine the structure of this enzyme, which has unique properties among lysosomal cysteine proteinases.
Israel Schechter et al.
Biological chemistry, 392(6), 555-569 (2011-05-19)
β-site APP-cleaving enzyme (BACE1) cleaves the wild type (WT) β-site very slowly (k(cat)/K(m): 46.6 m(-1) s(-1)). Therefore we searched for additional β-secretases and identified three cathepsins that split the WT β-site much faster. Human cathepsin S cleaves the WT β-site
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