STAT1β is a member of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) family of proteins that carry out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. STAT1β transcription factor is specific for the IFN pathway and plays a central role in mediating many, if not all, IFN-dependent biological responses. Presence of STAT1β leads to an efficient antiviral response when cells were infected with virus suggesting that a STAT-dependent pathway is activated following virus infection by endogenously produced IFN. Virus-induced STAT protein translocation from the cytoplasmic compartment can be detected within 3 h of infection.
Interferon (IFN) signalling appears to be the predominant pathway that leads to the development of the host defence against virus. However, other mechanisms that are IFN independent may also be involved. The Stat1 transcription factor is specific for the IFN
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