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14370

Sigma-Aldrich

Bilirubin

purum, ≥95.0% (UV)

Synonym(s):

Bile pigment, Hemetoidin

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C33H36N4O6
CAS Number:
635-65-4
Molecular Weight:
584.66
Beilstein:
74376
EC Number:
211-239-7
MDL number:
MFCD00005499
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
PubChem Substance ID:
57647150
NACRES:
NA.25

grade

purum

Assay

≥95.0% (UV)

form

powder

ign. residue

≤0.5%

SMILES string

CC1=C(C=C)\C(NC1=O)=C\c2[nH]c(Cc3[nH]c(\C=C4/NC(=O)C(C=C)=C4C)c(C)c3CCC(O)=O)c(CCC(O)=O)c2C

InChI

1S/C33H36N4O6/c1-7-20-19(6)32(42)37-27(20)14-25-18(5)23(10-12-31(40)41)29(35-25)15-28-22(9-11-30(38)39)17(4)24(34-28)13-26-16(3)21(8-2)33(43)36-26/h7-8,13-14,34-35H,1-2,9-12,15H2,3-6H3,(H,36,43)(H,37,42)(H,38,39)(H,40,41)/b26-13-,27-14-

InChI key

BPYKTIZUTYGOLE-IFADSCNNSA-N

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General description

Bilirubin, a heme catabolism end-product is produced by the reduction of its metabolic precursor biliverdin by the action of enzyme biliverdin reductase.

Application

Bilirubin has been used as an interfering substance for in vitro interference and stability tests for myoglobin, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and troponin-I. It has also been used as an interfering agent to test the effectiveness of the Heparin Red kit in the detection of various heparins.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Bilirubin is an active oxidative DNA cleaving agent as well as an effective antioxidant agent, a hydroxyl radical quencher. This bile pigment has both antioxidant and toxic properties. It is a natural inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation (VSMCs). It displays anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties when used as a therapeutic agent in lung/vascular diseases. Serum bilirubin concentration slightly above the normal levels have shown a lesser incidence of heart disease. It is a potential therapeutic agent in heart transplantation and T-cell mediated immune disorders.
Well over 99% of total bilirubin is transported as a conjugate with albumin. Abnormally high levels of bilirubin can cause severe neurological damage, but mildly elevated levels are linked to protection from oxidative stress.

Analysis Note

λmax. ∼453 nm, mol. absorption >56100 (chloroform)

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 2

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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Robert Ollinger et al.
Circulation, 112(7), 1030-1039 (2005-08-10)
Bilirubin, a natural product of heme catabolism by heme oxygenases, was considered a toxic waste product until 1987, when its antioxidant potential was recognized. On the basis of observations that oxidative stress is a potent trigger in vascular proliferative responses
Kenichiro Yamashita et al.
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 18(6), 765-767 (2004-02-24)
Biliverdin, a product of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) enzymatic action, is converted into bilirubin, which has been considered a waste product in the past. We now show that administration of biliverdin has a salutary effect in organ transplantation. A brief course
Robert Ollinger et al.
Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), 6(1), 39-43 (2007-01-25)
We have recently shown that the natural bile pigment bilirubin has antiproliferative effects on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Bilirubin is the end product of heme catabolism mediated by heme oxygenases and has for decades been considered a toxic waste
U Warttinger et al.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 408(28), 8241-8251 (2016-10-22)
Heparins are widely used anticoagulant drugs. The current monitoring practice for heparin in plasma, such as the chromogenic anti-factor Xa assay, relies on heparin-triggered activation of antithrombin, an inhibitor of coagulation proteases. Such assays are not applicable to the detection
S F Asad et al.
Chemico-biological interactions, 137(1), 59-74 (2001-08-24)
Bilirubin, which is derived from its metabolic precursor biliverdin, is the end product of heme catabolism. It has been proposed as a physiological antioxidant present in human extracellular fluids. We have earlier shown that bilirubin in the presence of the
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