Imidazolo-oxindole PKR inhibitor C16 has been used:
to rescue fear memory deficits and restore long-term potentiation (LTP) impairment in mice[1]
to inhibit the strong induction of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) after plasmid transfection in HeLa-S3 cells[2]
to augment eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) activity[3]
Biochem/physiol Actions
C16 exhibits a neuroprotective role in adult brain injuries.[4]
Imidazolo-oxindole PKR inhibitor C16 is a selectiv inhibitor of RNA-dependent protein kinases (PKR, Eif2ak2).
Imidazolo-oxindole PKR inhibitor C16 is a selective inhibitor of RNA-dependent protein kinases (PKR, Eif2ak2). C16 is a first reported, potent and selective PKR inhibitor. Its inhibition effect on PKR is ATP-binding site directed. C16 specifically inhibits the apoptotic PKR/eIF2a signaling pathway without stimulating the proliferative mTOR/p70S6K signaling mechanism.
The specific protein kinase R (PKR) inhibitor C16 protects neonatal hypoxia-ischemia brain damages by inhibiting neuroinflammation in a neonatal rat model
Xiao J, et al.
Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 22, 5074-5074 (2016)
AIM2 inflammasome mediates Arsenic-induced secretion of IL-1 beta and IL-18
Zhang MF, et al.
Oncoimmunology, 5(6), e1160182-e1160182 (2016)
PKR-a Kinase to Remember
Gal-Ben-Ari S, et al.
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 11, 480-480 (2018)
Leader (L) proteins encoded by cardioviruses are multifunctional proteins that contribute to innate immunity evasion. L proteins of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), Saffold virus (SAFV), and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) were reported to inhibit stress granule assembly in infected cells.
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the projection neurons of the eye, are irreversibly lost once the optic nerve is injured, which is a critical mechanism of glaucoma. Mobile zinc (Zn2+) levels rapidly increase in retinal interneuron amacrine cells and Zn2+ is
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