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Merck

Menopause increases the iron storage protein ferritin in skin.

Journal of cosmetic science (2013-06-12)
Edward Pelle, Jinlong Jian, Qi Zhang, Neelam Muizzuddin, Qing Yang, Jisen Dai, Daniel Maes, Nadine Pernodet, Daniel B Yarosh, Krystyna Frenkel, Xi Huang
RESUMEN

Menstruation and desquamation are important routes for humans to excrete iron. Because menstruation is no longer available in postmenopausal women, in the present study, we examined whether iron accumulates more in postmenopausal skin than in premenopausal skin. Skin biopsy samples were obtained from six pre- and six postmenopausal Caucasian women. Iron levels in the form of ferritin were 42% higher, but vascular endothelial growth factor and total antioxidant capacity were 45% and 34% lower in postmenopausal skin (58.8 ± 1.3 years old) than in premenopausal skin (41.6 ± 1.7 years old), respectively. Moreover, in vitro cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes had surprisingly high levels of ferritin when compared to immortalized human breast epithelial MCF-10A cells or human liver HepG2 cancer cells. Our results indicate that skin is a cellular repository of iron and that menopause increases iron in skin and, thus, may contribute to the manifestation of accelerated skin aging and photo aging after menopause.

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Sigma-Aldrich
Ferritin from equine spleen, Type I, saline solution
Sigma-Aldrich
Ferritin from human liver, Type IV, 10 μg/mL
Sigma-Aldrich
Ferritin from human spleen, Type V, 10 μg/mL in 0.15 M NaCl, 10 mM Tris, pH 8.0, containing 0.1% sodium azide