Pathoimmunological analyses of fatal E11 infection in premature infants.

E11 causes acute fulminant hepatitis in newborns. We investigated the pathological changes of different tissues from premature male twins who died due to E11 infection. The E11 expression level was higher in the liver than in other tissues. IP10 was upregulated in liver tissue in the patient group, and might be regulated by IFNAR and IRF7, whereas IFNα was regulated by IFNAR or IRF5.