Ganglioside GM3 and Its Role in Cancer.

Ganglioside GM3 is strongly related with human tumors, such as lung, brain cancers and melanomas, and more and more evidences have revealed that GM3 possesses powerful effects on cancer development and progression. GM3 is over expressed on several types of cancers, and can be as a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen, used for immunotherapy of cancers. GM3 can also inhibit tumor cells growth by anti-angiogenesis or motility and so on. Especially, GM3 has effects on the EGFR tyrosine kinase signaling, uPAR-related signaling and glycolipid-enriched microdomains, which are essential for cancer signaling conduction. It is obvious that GM3 will be a promising target for cancer treatment.