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221473

Sigma-Aldrich

Potassium hydroxide

Potassium hydroxide

ACS reagent, ≥85%, pellets

Synonym(s):

Caustic potash

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
KOH
CAS Number:
1310-58-3
Molecular Weight:
56.11
EC Number:
215-181-3
MDL number:
MFCD00003553
UNSPSC Code:
12352106
eCl@ss:
38100303
PubChem Substance ID:
329752271
NACRES:
NA.21
Assay:
≥85%
grade:
ACS reagent
form:
pellets
Pricing and availability is not currently available.

grade

ACS reagent

Quality Level

200

Agency

suitable for EPA 1621
suitable for EPA 1633

vapor pressure

1 mmHg ( 719 °C)

Assay

≥85%

form

pellets

impurities

≤0.001% N compounds
≤2.0% K2CO3
10-15% water

pH

~13.5 (25 °C, 5.6 g/L)

mp

361 °C (lit.)

anion traces

chloride (Cl-): ≤0.01%
phosphate (PO43-): ≤5 ppm
sulfate (SO42-): ≤0.003%

cation traces

Ca: ≤0.005%
Fe: ≤0.001%
Mg: ≤0.002%
Na: ≤0.05%
Ni: ≤0.001%
heavy metals: ≤0.001% (by ICP)

storage temp.

room temp

SMILES string

[OH-].[K+]

InChI

1S/K.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1

InChI key

KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M

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General description

Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic salt mainly used as a precursor to synthesize other potassium compounds such as potassium acetate,[1] potassium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate.[2] On a commercial scale, it is synthesized by the electrolysis of potassium chloride.[3]

Application

Potassium hydroxide may be used in the following processes:
  • Conversion of nitriles to amide in tert-butanol.[4]
  • Cross-coupling of aryl halides with different sulfur-, oxygen- and nitrogen-based nucleophiles in dimethyl sulfoxide.[5]
  • As an activator for the preparation of activated carbons from corn cobs.[6]
  • As a base for the N-alkylation of nitrogen heterocycles in polyethylene glycol-ether solvents.[7]
  • Synthesis of (S)-1-(4-benzyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)propan-1-one from (S)-phenylalaninol.[8]
  • To catalyze the polymerization of propylene oxide.[9]

Pictograms

CorrosionExclamation mark
GHS05,GHS07

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

H290,H302,H314

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Met. Corr. 1 - Skin Corr. 1A

Storage Class Code

8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials

WGK

WGK 1

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
0000382201
0000382200
0000366970
0000353653
0000319325

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Potassium acetate by fermentation with Clostridium thermoaceticum
Shah MM, et al.
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (1997)
Dimethyl Sulfoxide/Potassium Hydroxide: A Superbase for the Transition Metal-Free Preparation of Cross-Coupling Products
Yuan Y, et al
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis, 352(17), 2892-2898 (2010)
N-Alkylation of pyrrole, indole, and several other nitrogen heterocycles using potassium hydroxide as a base in the presence of polyethylene glycols or their dialkyl ethers
Sukata K
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 56(1), 280-284 (1983)
Ledgard J
The Preparatory Manual of Explosives., 79-79 (2009)
Preparation of high surface area activated carbon from corn by chemical activation using potassium hydroxide
Bagheri N & Abedi J
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 87(8), 1059-1064 (2009)
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  1. How is shipping temperature determined? And how is it related to the product storage temperature?

    1 answer

    1. Products may be shipped at a different temperature than the recommended long-term storage temperature. If the product quality is sensitive to short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped on wet or dry-ice. If the product quality is NOT affected by short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped at ambient temperature. As shipping routes are configured for minimum transit times, shipping at ambient temperature helps control shipping costs for our customers. For more information, please refer to the Storage and Transport Conditions document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/316/622/storage-transport-conditions-mk.pdf

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  2. How can I determine the shelf life / expiration / retest date of this product?

    1 answer

    1. If this product has an expiration or retest date, it will be shown on the Certificate of Analysis (COA, CofA). If there is no retest or expiration date listed on the product's COA, we do not have suitable stability data to determine a shelf life. For these products, the only date on the COA will be the release date; a retest, expiration, or use-by-date will not be displayed.
      For all products, we recommend handling per defined conditions as printed in our product literature and website product descriptions. We recommend that products should be routinely inspected by customers to ensure they perform as expected.
      For products without retest or expiration dates, our standard warranty of 1 year from the date of shipment is applicable.
      For more information, please refer to the Product Dating Information document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/449/386/product-dating-information-mk.pdf

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