53300

Histamine dihydrochloride

≥99.0% (AT), powder or crystals, endogenous histamine receptor agonist

• Sinonimo/i: 2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethylamine dihydrochloride
• Formula empirica (notazione di Hill): C₅H₉N₃ · 2HCl
• Numero CAS: 56-92-8
• Peso molecolare: 184.07
• NACRES: NA.77
• PubChem Substance ID: 329757931
• eCl@ss: 32160406
• UNSPSC Code: 12352116
• EC Number: 200-298-4
• MDL number: MFCD00012703
• Beilstein/REAXYS Number: 3624116
• Assay: ≥99.0% (AT)
• Form: powder or crystals

Proprietà

• Nome del prodotto: Histamine dihydrochloride, ≥99.0% (AT)
• assay: ≥99.0% (AT)
• form: powder or crystals
• ign. residue: ≤0.2%
• loss: ≤0.2% loss on drying, 20 °C (HV)
• mp: 244-247 °C, 249-252 °C (lit.)
• solubility: H₂O: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless
• anion traces: sulfate (SO₄^2-): ≤200 ppm
• cation traces: Ca: ≤10 mg/kg, Cd: ≤5 mg/kg, Co: ≤5 mg/kg, Cr: ≤5 mg/kg, Cu: ≤5 mg/kg, Fe: ≤5 mg/kg, K: ≤50 mg/kg, Mg: ≤5 mg/kg, Mn: ≤5 mg/kg, Na: ≤50 mg/kg, Ni: ≤5 mg/kg, Pb: ≤5 mg/kg, Zn: ≤5 mg/kg
• SMILES string: Cl[H].Cl[H].NCCc1c[nH]cn1
• InChI: 1S/C5H9N3.2ClH/c6-2-1-5-3-7-4-8-5;;/h3-4H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8);2*1H
• InChI key: PPZMYIBUHIPZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Gene Information: human ... HRH1(3269)

Descrizione

General description

Histamine is a hydrophilic amine derived from the decarboxylation of histidine by the enzyme L-histidine decarboxylase. Histamine has been shown to play a role in many physiological processes such as gastric secretion, neurotransmission, immune response, vasodialation, and inflammation. Additionally, studies have reported a role for histamine dihydrochloride with interleukin-2 (IL-2) in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia and in protection against alcohol-induced liver injury in rats.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Histamine dihydrochloride has been shown to activate nitric oxide synthetase and suppress or inhibit the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inhibition of ROS by histamine dihydrochloride allows activation of T cells and NK cells by IL-2. In a rat model, histamine dihydrochloride suppressed ROS generated by Kupffer cells through the H₂ histamine receptor.

Endogenous H₁ and H₂ histamine receptor agonist; activates nitric oxide synthetase; potent vasodilator.

Other Notes

Substrate for the assay of histamine-N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.8); Ion-pair extraction of histamine from biological fluids for its determination by HPLC with fluorescence detection.

Informazioni sulla sicurezza

• pictograms: GHS08,GHS07
• signalword: Danger
• hcodes: H315,H317,H319,H334,H335
• pcodes: P280 - P302 + P352 - P305 + P351 + P338
• Hazard Classifications: Eye Irrit. 2 - Resp. Sens. 1 - Skin Irrit. 2 - Skin Sens. 1 - STOT SE 3
• target_organs: Respiratory system
• Classe di stoccaggio: 11 - Combustible Solids
• wgk: WGK 2
• flash_point_f: Not applicable
• flash_point_c: Not applicable
• ppe: dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves