9(S)-HODE is a pro-inflammatory linoleic acid lipoxygenation product.
9(S)-HODE is produced by the lipoxygenation of linoleic acid. It is a major component of plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein. 9-HODE has been shown to stimulate cell proliferation and and extracellular matrix synthesis in human mesangial cells via PPARgamma. Pro-inflammatory effects of 9-HODE, acting through the receptor GPR132, can contribute to atherosclerosis progression. 9-HODE has also been shown to activate spinal TRPV1, leading to inflammatory hyperalgesia.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 172(1), 54-60 (2003-12-23)
Because of its oxidative modification during the acute-phase response to an aggression, low density lipoprotein (LDL) can be regarded as a source of lipid mediators that can act both to promote and inhibit inflammation. This can be exemplified by the
The Biochemical journal, 420(2), 277-281 (2009-03-07)
LOOHs (lipid hydroperoxides) in oxLDL [oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein)] are potentially atherogenic compounds. Recently, H2S was identified as the third endogenous gasotransmitter in the vasculature. H2O2 is known to be destroyed by H2S. Assuming that H2S may also react with
The Journal of biological chemistry, 279(13), 12495-12502 (2004-01-14)
Dimorphecolic acid (9-OH-18:2Delta(10)(trans)(,12)(trans)) is the major fatty acid of seeds of Dimorphotheca species. This fatty acid contains structural features that are not typically found in plant fatty acids, including a C-9 hydroxyl group, Delta(10),Delta(12)-conjugated double bonds, and trans-Delta(12) unsaturation. Expressed
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 92(6), 1461-1467 (2010-10-15)
A Mediterranean diet has been associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. A possible mechanism is through a decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO); however, evidence linking the Mediterranean diet with lower LPO in premenopausal women is sparse.
[Activation mechanism of PPARgamma by its endogenous ligands].
Takuma Shiraki
Seikagaku. The Journal of Japanese Biochemical Society, 79(10), 960-964 (2007-11-22)
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