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Sigma-Aldrich

Pepstatin A

≥100,000 U/mg

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C34H63N5O9
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
685.89
Beilstein:
2201362
EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.77

biological source

Streptomyces sp.

Quality Level

form

powder

specific activity

≥100,000 U/mg

mp

233 °C (dec.) (lit.)

solubility

ethanol: soluble 1 mg/mL

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

CC(C)C[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)C[C@H](O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CC(C)C)C(C)C)C(C)C)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O

InChI

1S/C34H63N5O9/c1-17(2)12-23(37-33(47)31(21(9)10)39-34(48)30(20(7)8)38-27(42)14-19(5)6)25(40)15-28(43)35-22(11)32(46)36-24(13-18(3)4)26(41)16-29(44)45/h17-26,30-31,40-41H,12-16H2,1-11H3,(H,35,43)(H,36,46)(H,37,47)(H,38,42)(H,39,48)(H,44,45)/t22-,23-,24-,25-,26-,30-,31-/m0/s1

InChI key

FAXGPCHRFPCXOO-LXTPJMTPSA-N

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Application

Pepstatin A is suitable for use:
  • in the inhibitor cocktail in fluorometric matrix metalloproteinase assay
  • as a protease inhibitor during homogenization of tissue
  • as a protease inhibitor during extraction of cells
  • to determine the molar concentrations of cathepsin D by titration with pepstatin A
  • in inhibiting cathepsin D
It can be used in conjunction with E64-d and Leupeptin A to inhibit the degradation of autophagic cargo inside autophagosomes. For this application, the working concentration is typically between 1-10 μM.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Pepstatin A is an inhibitor of acid proteases (aspartyl peptidases). It forms a 1:1 complex with proteases such as pepsin, renin, cathepsin D, bovine chymosin, and protease B (Aspergillus niger). The inhibitor is highly selective and does not inhibit thiol proteases, neutral proteases, or serine proteases. Solubilized γ-secretase and retroviral protease are also inhibited by Pepstatin A. It has been used to characterize proteases from several sources.

Unit Definition

1 U corresponds to the amount of inhibitor which reduces the activity of pepsin by 1 U (1 U corresponds to the amount of enzyme which increases the absorbance at 280 nm by 0.001 per minute at pH 2.0 and 37°C (Hemoglobin, Cat. No. 51290, as substrate, in an endvolume of 16 ml)); 10′000 absorbance-U as described above are equivalent to ∼1 Bergmeyer-U (when 1 pepsin-U is the amount of enzyme which hydrolyzes 1 μmol acetyl-L-phenylalanyl-3,5-diiodo-L-tyrosin per minute at pH 2.0 and 37°C)

Preparation Note

Pepstatin can be dissolved at 1 mg/ml in 10% (v/v) acetic acid in methanol (9:1 methanol:acetic acid). The inclusion of acetic acid may be necessary to dissolve this peptide in methanol or DMSO. It has been dissolved at 1 to 2 mg/ml in ethanol, but heat may be required for complete dissolution. Solutions of Pepstatin A can be heated as high as 60 °C without any decomposition of the peptide.
Stock solutions at 1 mg/ml are stable at least a week at 4 °C. A 1 mM solution in methanol or DMSO is stable for months at -20 °C. If solutions become darker yellow, the reagent is hydrolyzing.
A working concentration of 1 μM is stable for at least one day at room temperature.

Other Notes

Strong inhibitor of acid proteases - pepsin, cathepsin D, renin

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 2

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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