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SMB00801

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Proteus vulgaris

purified by phenol extraction

Synonym(s):

LPS

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About This Item

UNSPSC Code:
12352211
NACRES:
NA.28

biological source

bacterial (Proteus vulgaris)

Quality Level

form

lyophilized powder

purified by

phenol extraction

impurities

≤3% Protein (Lowry)

color

white to yellow cast

solubility

water: 4.90-5.10 mg/mL, faintly hazy to hazy, colorless to faintly yellow

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

2-8°C

General description

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. They consist of lipid A moiety linked to an antigenic O-polysaccharide.
Proteus vulgaris is a rod-shaped Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe bacterium. It inhabits the intestinal tract of humans and animals and can be found in soil, water and feces. P. vulgaris is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family which are opportunistic pathogens in humans, responsible for urinary tract and burn infections.
The chemical structures of LPS from Proteus sp. are different from each other.

Biochem/physiol Actions

LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Different chemical structures of LPS can be associated with the virulence and pathogenesis of the bacteria. It has been reported that the LPS chemical structure from P. vulgaris can influence the crystallization of mineral urine components (such as calcium and magnesium), resulting in stone formation in the kidney. Antibodies produced in rickettsial infections were found to react with LPS from Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis. This phenomenon allows the purified LPS from these two species to serve as a tool for the diagnosis of rickettsiosis (scrub typhus, caused by the bacterium Orientia sp.) in the Weil-Felix test.

Other Notes

To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.

related product

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable


Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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A Torzewska et al.
FEMS immunology and medical microbiology, 31(3), 227-234 (2001-11-27)
The O-specific polysaccharide (O-antigen) of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Proteus vulgaris O37 was studied by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy before and after O-deacetylation and found to be structurally similar to that of P. vulgaris O46 studied earlier.
LPS/TLR4 signal transduction pathway
Lu, Y.C., Yeh, W.C., Ohashi, P.S.
Cytokine, 42, 145-151 (2008)
S Mizushiri et al.
Microbiology and immunology, 34(2), 121-133 (1990-01-01)
The lipopolysaccharides (LPS) extracted from Proteus strains OX2, OX19, and OXK used as antigens in the Weil-Felix test, were characterized by chemical analysis and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). To separate the O-polysaccharide, core-oligosaccharide, and lipid A moieties, each LPS was
D J HOSSACK
British journal of pharmacology and chemotherapy, 19, 306-312 (1962-10-01)
Ascending urinary tract infections with stone formation have been produced experimentally in rats, using a modification of the method of Vermuelen & Goetz (1954a, b). A zinc disc infected with a culture of Proteus vulgaris was inserted into the bladder
B Bartodziejska et al.
European journal of biochemistry, 256(2), 488-493 (1998-10-06)
The following structure of the O-specific polysaccharide chain (O-antigen) of the Proteus vulgaris 032 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was established by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional NOESY and H-detected 1H,13C heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (HMQC) experiments: -->2)-alpha-L-RhapI-(1-->2)-alpha-L-RhapII-(1-->4)-beta-D-++ +GalpA(I)-(1-->3)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->4)-alpha-D-GalpA(II)-(1-- >. In addition, an

Articles

Explore the structure, function, and diverse applications of Lipopolysaccharides. Discover their role in bacteria, serological specificity, and research potential.

Explore the structure, function, and diverse applications of Lipopolysaccharides. Discover their role in bacteria, serological specificity, and research potential.

Explore the structure, function, and diverse applications of Lipopolysaccharides. Discover their role in bacteria, serological specificity, and research potential.

Explore the structure, function, and diverse applications of Lipopolysaccharides. Discover their role in bacteria, serological specificity, and research potential.

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