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319988

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroform

Chloroform
1 of 1 reviewers received a sample product or took part in a promotion

contains ethanol as stabilizer, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%

Synonym(s):

Methylidyne trichloride, Trichloromethane

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
CHCl3
CAS Number:
67-66-3
Molecular Weight:
119.38
Beilstein:
1731042
MDL number:
MFCD00000826
UNSPSC Code:
12191502
PubChem Substance ID:
329753942
NACRES:
NA.21
grade:
ACS reagent
bp:
60.5-61.5 °C (lit.)
vapor pressure:
160 mmHg ( 20 °C)
Pricing and availability is not currently available.

grade

ACS reagent

Quality Level

200

vapor density

4.1 (vs air)

vapor pressure

160 mmHg ( 20 °C)

Assay

≥99.8%

form

liquid

contains

ethanol as stabilizer

dilution

(for analytical testing)

impurities

Acetone and aldehyde, passes test
 Acid and chloride, passes test
 Free chlorine (Cl), passes test
 H2SO4, passes test

evapn. residue

≤0.001%

color

APHA: ≤10

refractive index

n20/D 1.445 (lit.)

bp

60.5-61.5 °C (lit.)

mp

−63 °C (lit.)

density

1.48 g/mL at 25 °C
1.492 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

cation traces

Pb: ≤0.05 ppm

storage temp.

room temp

SMILES string

ClC(Cl)Cl

InChI

1S/CHCl3/c2-1(3)4/h1H

InChI key

HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Chloroform, a halogenated hydrocarbon, is widely used as a solvent and extractant in various manufacturing and laboratory procedures. It can be produced by the chlorination of methane or lower-chlorinated methanes. Additionally, it is employed in the production of dichlorocarbenes, α-trichloromethyl carbinols, and trichlorolithiocarbenoids.

Application

Chloroform can be used as a solvent in the:
  • Enzyme-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of ω-pentadecalactone to prepare polyesters.
  • Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of acid chlorides with arylboronic acids to synthesize diaryl Ketones.
  • Enantio- and diastereoselective nitro-Mannich reaction of α-aryl nitromethanes with amido sulfones to synthesize β-nitroamines.
  • Diels-Alder reaction to synthesize spiro-fused dihydropyans. The hydrogen bond (CH-O) formed between chloroform and carbonyl oxygen makes the carbonyl group a stronger heterodienophile, resulting in an increased reaction rate.

Pictograms

Skull and crossbonesHealth hazard
GHS06,GHS08

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 3 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Carc. 2 - Eye Irrit. 2 - Repr. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT RE 1 Oral - STOT SE 3

Target Organs

Central nervous system, Liver,Kidney

Storage Class Code

6.1D - Non-combustible acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic hazardous materials or hazardous materials causing chronic effects

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

does not flash

Flash Point(C)

does not flash

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
SHBS4404
SHBS4403
SHBS4134
SHBR6119
SHBS0511

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Chloroform for analysis EMSURE® ACS,ISO,Reag. Ph Eur

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Chloroform HPLC Plus, for HPLC, GC, and residue analysis, ≥99.9%, contains 0.5-1.0% ethanol as stabilizer

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Chloroform analytical standard

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Chloroform

Fabian V Filipp et al.
Pigment cell & melanoma research, 25(3), 375-383 (2012-03-01)
The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is the central hub of oxidative metabolism, running in the classic forward direction to provide carbon for biosynthesis and reducing agents for generation of ATP. Our metabolic tracer studies in melanoma cells showed that in
High activity and regenerability of a palladium-gold catalyst for chloroform degradation.
Velazquez JC, et al.
Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology (2015)
Yongjun Liu et al.
Journal of hazardous materials, 308, 84-90 (2016-01-26)
In this study, efficient dechlorination and decomposition of chloroform (CF) induced by glow discharge plasma (GDP) in contact with a sodium sulfate solution was investigated. Intermediate byproducts were determined by ionic chromatography and headspace gas chromatography, respectively. Results showed that
Xuejun Liu et al.
Nature protocols, 2(5), 1288-1296 (2007-06-05)
A nearly quantitative 18-component synthesis of a nanocontainer, which is built up from six bowl-shaped cavitands that are connected together with 12 -CH=N-CH2CH2-N=CH- linkers, and its subsequent reduction are described. This nanocontainer has an estimated cavity volume of 1,700 A3
Photolysis of chloroform and other organic molecules in aqueous titanium dioxide suspensions.
Kormann C, et al.
Environmental Science & Technology, 25(3), 494-500 (1991)
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Questions

1–8 of 8 Questions  

  1. How can I determine the shelf life / expiration / retest date of this product?

    1 answer

    1. If this product has an expiration or retest date, it will be shown on the Certificate of Analysis (COA, CofA). If there is no retest or expiration date listed on the product's COA, we do not have suitable stability data to determine a shelf life. For these products, the only date on the COA will be the release date; a retest, expiration, or use-by-date will not be displayed.
      For all products, we recommend handling per defined conditions as printed in our product literature and website product descriptions. We recommend that products should be routinely inspected by customers to ensure they perform as expected.
      For products without retest or expiration dates, our standard warranty of 1 year from the date of shipment is applicable.
      For more information, please refer to the Product Dating Information document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/449/386/product-dating-information-mk.pdf

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  2. How is shipping temperature determined? And how is it related to the product storage temperature?

    1 answer

    1. Products may be shipped at a different temperature than the recommended long-term storage temperature. If the product quality is sensitive to short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped on wet or dry-ice. If the product quality is NOT affected by short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped at ambient temperature. As shipping routes are configured for minimum transit times, shipping at ambient temperature helps control shipping costs for our customers. For more information, please refer to the Storage and Transport Conditions document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/316/622/storage-transport-conditions-mk.pdf

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  3. How do we open the thin metal container in which the chloroform (Item Number: 319988-2.5L) was shipped? Also, what is the primary packaging for this product?

    1 answer

    1. The cannister is not considered the primary packaging; instead, it serves as an overpack, providing protective casing for the product.
      1. To open the canister, a can opener can be used, unless the item features a flip-top, in which case the tab can be flipped up and pulled to pry open the top, similar to a soup can.
      2. The primary packaging for this product consists of a 2.5L amber glass bottle with a red polypropylene cap, HDPE, and PTFE liner.

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  4. Can you recommend a Solvent Extractor for organics from aqueous solution?

    1 answer

    1. Solvent extractors are often used for the quantitative extraction of organics from aqueous solutions and separations in immunoassays. The MIXXOR system has been applied successfully in many laboratory solvent extraction operations and is ideal for the rapid screening of alternative solvents for specific extraction problems.

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  5. What apparatus do you recommend for HPLC solvent filtration?

    1 answer

    1. The Sigma-Aldrich Vacuum Filtration Assembly gives you all the components you need including: funnel top, fritted glass funnel support, filtration flask, aluminum clamp, and silicone stopper.  The Acrodisc Syringe Filters offer high quality filtration for analytical samples, certified for HPLC to ensure low extractable and available in a broad range of membranes to meet sample compatibility requirements.

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  6. Who do I contact about larger solvent volume needs?

    1 answer

    1. Email us at [email protected] or visit Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chemicals for development and manufacturing-scale inquiries: [email protected]

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  7. What are the options for drying solvents?

    1 answer

    1. Sigma-Aldrich offers a full range of high-purity solvents with extremely low water levels specifically manufactured for moisture sensitive Organic and Biotech applications.  Sigma-Aldrich also carries various drying agents such as molecular sieves, which are typically compatible with organic solvents.

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  8. What is the Department of Transportation shipping information for this product?

    1 answer

    1. Transportation information can be found in Section 14 of the product's (M)SDS.To access the shipping information for this material, use the link on the product detail page for the product.

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