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91C

Sigma-Aldrich

Leukocyte Naphthol AS-D Chloroacetate (Specific Esterase) Kit

Synonym(s):

Leder Stain

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About This Item

UNSPSC Code:
12352106
NACRES:
NA.47
Pricing and availability is not currently available.

description

Kit formulated with all liquid reagents

Quality Level

shelf life

Expiry date on the label.

IVD

for in vitro diagnostic use

application(s)

hematology
histology

shipped in

wet ice

storage temp.

2-8°C

Application

Esterases are ubiquitous in nature and encompass a series of different enzymes acting upon select substrates. With the 91C kit, Naphthol AS-D Chloroacetate is enzymatically hydrolyzed by "specific esterase, " liberating a free naphthol compound. This then couples with a diazonium compound, forming highly colored deposits at sites of enzyme activity. This enzyme is usually considered specific for cells of granulocytic lineage. May be used to detect neutrophils in peripheral blood, bone marrow or tissue sections which have been paraffin embedded.

Kit Components Also Available Separately

Product No.
Description
SDS

  • 915Citrate Solution, pH 3.6±0.1 (25 °C), 27 mM 50 mLSDS

  • 912Fast Red Violet LB Base Solution 10 mLSDS

  • 911Naphthol AS-D Chloroacetate Solution 10 mLSDS

  • 911Naphthol AS-D Chloroacetate Solution 50 mLSDS

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Met. Corr. 1 - Repr. 1B - Skin Corr. 1 - Skin Sens. 1 - STOT RE 2 Oral - STOT SE 3

Target Organs

Kidney, Respiratory system

Supplementary Hazards

Storage Class Code

6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects


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Paramahamsa Maturu et al.
Translational oncology, 7(4), 484-492 (2014-06-28)
The role of inflammation in cancer has been reported in various adult malignant neoplasms. By contrast, its role in pediatric tumors has not been as well studied. In this study, we have identified and characterized the infiltration of various inflammatory
Ralf A Linker et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 180(4), 2204-2213 (2008-02-06)
The neurotrophic cytokines ciliary neurotrophic factor and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) play a key role in neuronal and oligodendrocyte survival and as protective factors in neuroinflammation. To further elucidate the potential of endogenous LIF in modulating neuroinflammation, we studied myelin
Vittoria Esposito et al.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 304(4), F440-F450 (2012-12-14)
C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) is an important mediator of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced cell and organ injury. Here we show that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with ER stress and elevated CHOP. We postulated that CHOP(-/-) mice
Tarek M El-Achkar et al.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 300(4), F999-1007 (2011-01-14)
Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) is a glycoprotein expressed exclusively in thick ascending limbs (TAL) of the kidney. We recently described a novel protective role of THP against acute kidney injury (AKI) via downregulation of inflammation in the outer medulla. Our current
C Herzog et al.
Kidney international, 71(10), 1009-1018 (2007-03-23)
Meprins are zinc-dependent metalloproteinases that are highly expressed in the brush-border membranes of both the kidney and the intestines. Meprins are capable of proteolytically degrading extracellular matrix proteins, proteolytically processing bioactive proteins, and play a role in inflammatory processes. In

Questions

1–4 of 4 Questions  
  1. How many slides can be stained using kits 90C2 or 91C?

    1 answer
    1. Kit 90C2 is designed for 10 uses, with each use requiring approximately 50 mL of staining reagent. This volume of solution is typically sufficient to stain from 1 to 13 or 14 slides, meaning the kit can stain a minimum of 10 slides or a maximum of 130-140 slides, with the average use falling between these two extremes. Similarly, Kit 91C is also designed for 10 uses, with each use requiring approximately 50 mL of staining reagent. This volume of solution is typically sufficient to stain from 1 to 13 or 14 slides. However, this kit is prepared with all liquid reagents. If staining is done using coverslips or placing the tissue sections on the very end of the glass slide, it might actually be possible to get 20 uses out of the kit. For reduced volume usage, simply scale the volume for each reagent by an equal amount proportional to what is used in the standard protocol.

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  2. What is the difference between 90C2-1KT and 91C-1KT?

    1 answer
    1. The 90C2 and the 91C kits produce the same staining results and can be chosen based on the customer's preference. The 90C2 kit uses capsules and a diazonium salt for staining, while the 91C kit utilizes a stable base solution and requires the use of a sodium nitrite solution. The main differences between the two kits lie in the formulation, ease of use for the customer, and the hours needed for manufacturing. There may also be some variation in the length of the kit expiration dating.

      Helpful?

  3. Is there a kit available for staining Naphthol AS-D chloroacetate that can be completed in less than 30 minutes from start to finish?

    1 answer
    1. Comparing the 91C and 90C2 kits, the primary incubation for 91C is 15 minutes, while the 90C2 requires 30 minutes. These times do not encompass other necessary steps like prewarming. There are other quick kits available, such as Sudan Black B and Myeloperoxidase, which are used for staining neutrophils. When using the Sudan Black B or Myeloperoxidase kits, monocytes do stain but with less intensity, allowing for differentiation between the two cell types based on stain intensity. The same is true for the Naphthol AS-D chloroacetate procedure, where staining in monocytes is typically weak to absent.

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  4. Is Napthol AS-D Chloroacetate (Specific Esterase) Kit used for identifying neutrophils in Frozen Section tissue in pathology laboratories during surgeries? Also, is there a real-time protocol available for using this stain during surgeries?

    1 answer
    1. There are 2 kits for Napthol AS-D Chloroacetate kit for the detection of specific esterase. The kit is more commonly used with peripheral blood or bone marrow, but it is also possible to use the kit with either paraffin or frozen sections. Tissue will have to be selected for analysis, and frozen sections would then need to be cut. Once the frozen sections are obtained, the procedure is identical to the start procedure performed in a traditional histology laboratory. to perform the staining and have the slide ready for analysis is 30 minutes or possibly slightly longer. The staining procedure takes about 30 minutes or longer. Warmed reagents at 37°C are needed. Including a known positive control, like a paraffin section, is necessary. Deparaffinizing and staining the slide with the frozen section is good practice. A water bath speeds up the process. Using just a hot air oven may require 30 minutes or more leading to 60 minutes. This may be unacceptable for human testing.

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