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208523

Sigma-Aldrich

Ruthenium(III) chloride

Ru content 45-55%

Synonym(s):

Ruthenium trichloride

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
RuCl3
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
207.43
EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12161600
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.22
Pricing and availability is not currently available.

Quality Level

form

solid

reaction suitability

core: ruthenium
reagent type: catalyst
reaction type: Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP)

density

3.11 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

SMILES string

Cl[Ru](Cl)Cl

InChI

1S/3ClH.Ru/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3

InChI key

YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K

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General description

Ruthenium(III) chloride is a chemical compound, that can be used as a mild Lewis acid catalyst for the acetalization of aldehydes, acetalization of alcohols, and conversion of ketoximes to amides. [1] Additionally, it can also be used as a precursor to synthesize Ru nanoparticles.[2]

Application

Ruthenium(III) chloride is used as a catalyst:

  • In the synthesis of β‐amino alcohols by nucleophilic opening of epoxides with anilines.[2]
  • In the acetylation of varies of phenols, alcohols, thiols, and amines under mild conditions.[3]
  • In the synthesis of α‐aminonitriles by mixing aldehydes, amines, and trimethylsilyl cyanides.[4]

Other Notes

insoluble form

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Aquatic Chronic 2 - Eye Dam. 1 - Skin Corr. 1B

Storage Class Code

8B - Non-combustible corrosive hazardous materials

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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Takaya Terashima et al.
Macromolecular rapid communications, 33(9), 833-841 (2012-04-25)
Multifunctional microgel-core star polymers with ruthenium catalysts are designed as catalyst-bearing nanoreactors to improve activity, controllability, and functionality tolerance in living radical polymerization. Multifunctional ligands are efficiently incorporated into the core of star polymers by sequential tandem procedures: 1) ruthenium-catalyzed
Shū Kobayashi et al.
Organic letters, 4(8), 1319-1322 (2002-04-13)
Several transition metal salts were found to catalyze aza-Michael reactions of enones with carbamates efficiently. The catalytic activity was strongly dependent on the nature of the metal salts. While conventional Lewis acids such as BF(3).OEt(2), AlCl(3), or TiCl(4) showed lower
Ruthenium (III) chloride-catalyzed ring opening of epoxides with aromatic amines
De SK and Gibbs RA
Synthetic Communications, 35(20), 2675-2680 (2005)
Halloysite nanotube supported Ru nanocatalysts synthesized by the inclusion of preformed Ru nanoparticles for preferential oxidation of CO in H2-rich atmosphere
Wang L, et al
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 117(8), 4141-4151 (2013)
Hitoshi Harada et al.
The Journal of organic chemistry, 73(17), 6772-6779 (2008-08-07)
Highly enantioselective catalytic intramolecular ortho-alkylation of aromatic imines containing alkenyl groups tethered at the meta position relative to the imine directing group has been achieved using [RhCl(coe)2]2 and chiral phosphoramidite ligands. Cyclization of substrates containing 1,1- and 1,2-disubstituted as well

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Micro review of reversible addition/fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization.

Micro review of reversible addition/fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization.

Micro review of reversible addition/fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization.

Micro review of reversible addition/fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization.

Protocols

We presents an article featuring procedures that describe polymerization of methyl methacrylate and vinyl acetate homopolymers and a block copolymer as performed by researchers at CSIRO.

We present an article about RAFT, or Reversible Addition/Fragmentation Chain Transfer, which is a form of living radical polymerization.

Polymerization via ATRP procedures demonstrated by Prof. Dave Haddleton's research group at the University of Warwick.

Polymerization via ATRP procedures demonstrated by Prof. Dave Haddleton's research group at the University of Warwick.

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Questions

1–2 of 2 Questions  
  1. I have purchasedRuthenium(III) chloride, Ru content 45-55% from you company. However, I am confused on the statement of "Ru content 45-55%". If Ru is only hald of the materials, what are the other half? What is the purity of the chemical?

    1 answer
    1. The theoretical content of Ru in Ruthenium(III) chloride (RuCl3) should be 101.07 / 207.43 = ~48.72%, which falls into the specification range of this product. The other half of this product is mainly Cl ions. The Ru content is tested on a lot-to-lot basis. The purity can be roughly calculated using Ru content divided by 48.72%.

      Helpful?

  2. What is the purity of this chemical?

    1 answer
    1. The Ruthenium content for this product ranges from 45-55 %. This value is determined by gravimetric analysis and ICP. The exact amount is lot-specific and is reported on the Certificate of Analysis of the batch received. The overall purity can be calculated by using the molecular weight of the Ruthenium(III) chloride.

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