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L0380000

Levamisole hydrochloride

European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard

Synonym(s):

(−)-Tetramisole hydrochloride, (S)-(−)-6-Phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole hydrochloride, L(−)-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole hydrochloride, Levamisole hydrochloride

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C11H12N2S · HCl
CAS Number:
16595-80-5
Molecular Weight:
240.75
Beilstein:
4358988
EC Number:
240-654-6
MDL number:
MFCD00012675
UNSPSC Code:
41116107
PubChem Substance ID:
329817357
NACRES:
NA.24

grade

pharmaceutical primary standard

API family

levamisole

manufacturer/tradename

EDQM

mp

228-230 °C

application(s)

pharmaceutical (small molecule)

format

neat

SMILES string

Cl.C1CN2C[C@@H](N=C2S1)c3ccccc3

InChI

1S/C11H12N2S.ClH/c1-2-4-9(5-3-1)10-8-13-6-7-14-11(13)12-10;/h1-5,10H,6-8H2;1H/t10-;/m1./s1

InChI key

LAZPBGZRMVRFKY-HNCPQSOCSA-N

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General description

This product is provided as delivered and specified by the issuing Pharmacopoeia. All information provided in support of this product, including SDS and any product information leaflets have been developed and issued under the Authority of the Issuing Pharmacopoeia. For further information and support please go to the website of the issuing Pharmacopoeia.

Application

Levamisole hydrochloride EP Reference standard, intended for use in laboratory tests only as specifically prescribed in the European Pharmacopoeia.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Shows both immunostimulant and immunosuppressant effects, depending on several controllable factors. Very effective in treatment of ascariasis (hookworm infestation). Useful in chemotherapy of colorectal cancers, possibly due to its stimulation of IL-1 production and direct activation of macrophages.

Packaging

The product is delivered as supplied by the issuing Pharmacopoeia. For the current unit quantity, please visit the EDQM reference substance catalogue.

Other Notes

Sales restrictions may apply.

Pictograms

Skull and crossbones
GHS06

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

H301

Precautionary Statements

P301 + P310

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 3 Oral

Storage Class Code

6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number

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Jonathan Graf
Current opinion in rheumatology, 25(1), 50-55 (2012-12-01)
Cocaine use is associated with several rheumatic syndromes. This review summarizes these clinical manifestations and highlights recent developments linked to levamisole-adulterated cocaine. Cocaine use has been linked to several distinctive syndromes that can be difficult to distinguish from idiopathic rheumatic
Anders N Hansen et al.
PloS one, 7(9), e45405-e45405 (2012-10-02)
Inhibition of angiogenesis is a promising addition to current cancer treatment strategies. Neutralization of vascular endothelial growth factor by monoclonal antibodies is clinically effective but may cause side effects due to thrombosis. Low molecular weight angiogenesis inhibitors are currently less
Bashir A Lone et al.
Tropical animal health and production, 45(3), 743-749 (2012-10-16)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthelmintic and antimicrobial efficacy of Euphorbia helioscopia crude extracts. A worm motility inhibition assay and egg hatch assay were used for in vitro study, and a faecal egg count reduction assay
Lauren Strazzula et al.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 69(6), 954-959 (2013-10-01)
Levamisole is present as a contaminant or additive in most cocaine sold in the United States. Cases of agranulocytosis attributed to levamisole-tainted cocaine have been widely described. A vasculopathic reaction to levamisole has also been reported; however, diagnostic features such as
Kelly R Magliocca et al.
Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 71(3), 487-492 (2013-01-10)
Systemic complications of levamisole-adulterated cocaine (LAC) use have recently been described. The objective of this review is to increase awareness of these manifestations among oral and maxillofacial surgeons. LAC exposure through inhalation, nasal insufflation, or injection can induce cutaneous vasculopathy
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