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P1784

Sigma-Aldrich

Pentoxifylline

solid

Synonym(s):

3,7-Dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)xanthine, Trental

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C13H18N4O3
CAS Number:
6493-05-6
Molecular Weight:
278.31
EC Number:
229-374-5
MDL number:
MFCD00063379
UNSPSC Code:
41106305
PubChem Substance ID:
24278190
NACRES:
NA.77

form

solid

Quality Level

100

color

white

solubility

H2O: ≥43 mg/mL, colorless to almost colorless

originator

Sanofi Aventis

SMILES string

CN1C=NC2C1C(=O)N(CCCCC(C)=O)C(=O)N2C

InChI

1S/C13H20N4O3/c1-9(18)6-4-5-7-17-12(19)10-11(14-8-15(10)2)16(3)13(17)20/h8,10-11H,4-7H2,1-3H3

InChI key

MQGNNJQTNFHNHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Gene Information

human ... ADORA2B(136) , LITAF(9516) , PDE4B(5142) , TNF(7124)
rat ... Tnf(24835)

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Application

Pentoxifylline has been used:
  • used in the combinatorial treatment with itraconazole for paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM)
  • to treat harvested sperms to check the effect of ′pentoxifylline exposed sperms′ in the contribution of embryonic growth
  • to intrathecally inject female and male mice to investigate whether astrocytes and microglia could be causally involved in the maintenance of pain-like behaviour

Biochem/physiol Actions

Pentoxifylline (PTX) is considered as a nonspecific phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It possesses rheologic properties. Pentoxifylline is used to treat peripheral vascular disease. It has the ability to block the phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha (IĸBα) in serines 32 and 36.
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; inhibits synthesis of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α).

Features and Benefits

This compound is a featured product for Cyclic Nucleotide research. Click here to discover more featured Cyclic Nucleotide products. Learn more about bioactive small molecules for other areas of research at sigma.com/discover-bsm.
This compound is featured on the Histamine Synthesis and Metabolism and Phosphodiesterases pages of the Handbook of Receptor Classification and Signal Transduction. To browse other handbook pages, click here.
This compound was developed by Sanofi Aventis. To browse the list of other pharma-developed compounds and Approved Drugs/Drug Candidates, click here.

Pictograms

Exclamation mark
GHS07

Signal Word

Warning

Hazard Statements

H302,H362

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Lact.

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Combined itraconazole-pentoxifylline treatment promptly reduces lung fibrosis induced by chronic pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis in mice
Naranjo T W, et al.
Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 24(1), 81-91 (2011)
B K Reuter et al.
The American journal of physiology, 277(4 Pt 1), G847-G854 (1999-10-12)
Although the ability of nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to injure the small intestine has been well established in humans and animals, the mechanism involved in this type of injury has yet to be elucidated. The cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)
Maria Del Mar Castro et al.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 11(3) (2022-03-27)
Addition of the immunomodulator pentoxifylline (PTX) to antimonial treatment of mucosal leishmaniasis has shown increased efficacy. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated whether addition of pentoxifylline to meglumine antimoniate (MA) treatment improves therapeutic response in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients. Seventy-three
Pentoxifylline for Renal Protection in Diabetic Kidney Disease. A Model of Old Drugs for New Horizons
Donate-Correa J T, et al.
Journal of clinical medicine, 8(3), 287-287 (2019)
Xinfang Huang et al.
Cellular & molecular immunology, 18(4), 969-978 (2021-03-13)
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are crucial for regulating autoimmune inflammation and protective immunity against viral infection. However, the molecular mechanism controlling Tfh cell differentiation is poorly understood. Here, through two mixed bone marrow chimeric experiments, we identified Peli1, a
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