H0393
Hirudin
recombinant, expressed in unspecified host, ≥7,000 ATU/mg protein, powder
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product name
Hirudin, recombinant, expressed in unspecified host, ≥7,000 ATU/mg protein (ATU = antithrombin units)
recombinant
expressed in unspecified host
Quality Level
form
powder
specific activity
≥7,000 ATU/mg protein (ATU = antithrombin units)
mol wt
~7 kDa
solubility
pyridine: soluble
water: soluble
shipped in
dry ice
storage temp.
−20°C
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Application
Antithrombotic efficacy by parenteral route is substantially prolonged by incorporation into cationic liposomes, which act as a sort of sustained-release device.
Physical properties
The anticoagulant hirudin is a ~7 kDa acidic protein containing 65 amino acid residues. It occurs naturally in leeches (Hirudo medicinalis). It is the most potent natural inhibitor of both soluble and clot-bound thrombin. Hirudin binds thrombin with high affinity and covers more than 20% of the surface area of thrombin, occluding both the active site and exosite I (fibrinogen and PAR recognition site). This coverage blocks thrombus growth and platelet activation. Hirudin is not metabolized in the bloodstream of humans and is eliminated unchanged via kidney filtration. Native hirudin contains a sulfated tyrosyl residue (Tyr63), three disulfide bridges, and a high proportion of dicarboxylic acids. Hirudin is not glycosylated, and lacks tryptophan, arginine, and methionine residues. At least 20 isoforms have been identified and sequenced.
This recombinant hirudin product corresponds to the HV-1 variant sequence, with the exception that the Tyr63 residue is not sulfated.
Unit Definition
One antithrombin unit (ATU) will neutralize one NIH unit of thrombin at 37 °C, based on direct comparison to an NIH thrombin reference standard.
Reconstitution
Hirudin is soluble in water. The literature cites the use of "Dilution Fluid II" (35.7 mM acetic acid, 35.7 mM sodium diethyl barbiturate, 0.85% NaCl, 1% bovine serum albumin, and 0.5% PEG, pH 7.4) to dissolve hirudin (500 ATU/mL) and thrombin. Hirudin is reported to be soluble in pyridine, but practically insoluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, or benzene.
Analysis Note
Protein determined by Lowry.
Storage Class Code
11 - Combustible Solids
WGK
WGK 3
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Personal Protective Equipment
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.
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The complete amino acid sequence of hirudin, a thrombin specific inhibitor: Application of colour carboxymethylation.
Dodt, J., et al.
Febs Letters, 165, 180-184 (1984)
A Kudo et al.
Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 10(6), 424-430 (2000-11-09)
The role of thrombin as a spasmogen after subarachnoid hemorrhage was evaluated using the intrathecally administered thrombin inhibitor hirudin, released from a drug delivery system (DDS) based on collagen in a canine vasospasm model. The DDS was implanted into the
Serdar Duzgun et al.
Indian journal of plastic surgery : official publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India, 47(1), 102-108 (2014-07-06)
The effect of recombinant hirudin, which is the most powerful antithrombotic agent, on flaps with venous insufficiency was investigated. Oedema and congestion are frequent on flaps, causing necrosis unpredictably. Venous insufficiency and thrombosis are experimentally and clinically more frequent than
Hirudin as an inhibitor of thrombin.
Markwardt, F.
Methods in Enzymology, 19, 924-932 (1970)
Hirudin and hirudin-based peptides.
S R Stone et al.
Methods in enzymology, 223, 312-336 (1993-01-01)
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