High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a DNA binding protein, consisting of negatively charged amino acids in C-terminus and two DNA binding motifs, called BOX A and B. HMGB1 is mapped to human chromosome 13q12.3. Necrotic cells and neuritis express HMGB1. Monocytes and macrophages upon activation release HMGB1.
Immunogen
HMGB1 (NP_002119, 1 a.a. ~ 90 a.a) partial recombinant protein with GST tag. MW of the GST tag alone is 26 KDa.
Monoclonal Anti-HMGB1 antibody produced in mouse has been used in the detection of HMGB1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinogenic (PDAC) cell lines using fluorescent microscopy. and in western blotting.
Biochem/physiol Actions
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) functions to stabilize nucleosome and also regulates gene transcription. The phosphorylation of the nuclear localization signal in HMGB1 regulates its transport between cytoplasm and nucleus. It assists in nucleosome remodeling by eliciting chaperone functionality. Inflammation triggers high expression of HMGB1 and its inhibition may be useful for treating refractory M. pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP). Elevated levels of HMGB1 is present in cardiovascular diseases. HMGB1 regulates autophagy in human liver cells in absence of oxygen followed reperfusion. High levels HMGB1 expression is seen in adenocarcinoma (AC), gall bladder and squamous cell/adenosquamous (SC/ASC) cancer. Polymorphisms in HMGB1 is present in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Physical form
Solution in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4
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