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Lectin coated MgO nanoparticle: its toxicity, antileishmanial activity, and macrophage activation.

Lectin coated MgO nanoparticle: its toxicity, antileishmanial activity, and macrophage activation.

Drug and chemical toxicology (2014-01-08)

Ali Jebali, Seyedhossein Hekmatimoghaddam, Bahram Kazemi, Azra Allaveisie, Alireza Masoudi, Karim Daliri, Najme Sedighi, Javad Ranjbari

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research was to evaluate toxicity of uncoated magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs), MgO NPs coated with Peanut agglutinin (PNA) lectin, and PNA alone on the promastigotes of Leishmania major (L. major) and macrophages of BALB/c mice. On the other hand, antileishmanial property of uncoated MgO NPs, lectin coated MgO NPs, and PNA lectin alone was evaluated, and also macrophage activation was investigated after treatment with these materials by measurement of nitrite, H2O2, and some interleukins. This study showed that PNA lectin and lectin coated MgO NPs had approximately no toxicity on L. major and macrophages, but some toxic effects were observed for uncoated MgO NPs, especially at concentration of 500 µg/mL. Interestingly, lectin coated MgO NPs had the highest antileishmanial activity and macrophage activation, compared with uncoated MgO NPs and PNA lectin.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

Methanol, NMR reference standard

Supelco

Hydrogen peroxide solution, 30 % (w/w), for ultratrace analysis

Supelco

Sulfanilamide melting point standard, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

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Sulfanilamide, VETRANAL^®, analytical standard

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Sulfanilamide, puriss. p.a., ≥98% (calc. to the dried substance)

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Hydrogen peroxide solution, tested according to Ph. Eur.

Millipore

Hydrogen peroxide solution, 3%, suitable for microbiology

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Hydrogen peroxide solution, 34.5-36.5%

Supelco

Methanol, analytical standard

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Isopropyl alcohol, ≥99.7%, FCC, FG

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Methanol, anhydrous, 99.8%

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Hydrogen peroxide solution, ≥30%, for trace analysis

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Hydrogen peroxide solution, 30 % (w/w) in H₂O, contains stabilizer

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Sulfanilamide, ≥98%

USP

Sulfanilamide, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

USP

Sulfanilamide Melting Point Standard, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

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Methanol, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.9%

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Methanol, BioReagent, ≥99.93%

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Hydrogen peroxide solution, 50 wt. % in H₂O, stabilized

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Methanol, suitable for HPLC, gradient grade, suitable as ACS-grade LC reagent, ≥99.9%

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Methanol, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%

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Hydrogen peroxide solution, contains inhibitor, 30 wt. % in H₂O, meets USP testing specifications

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Methanol, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%

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Methanol, ACS spectrophotometric grade, ≥99.9%

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Methanol, Laboratory Reagent, ≥99.6%

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Hydrogen peroxide solution, contains inhibitor, 30 wt. % in H₂O, ACS reagent

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Hydrogen peroxide solution, contains inhibitor, 35 wt. % in H₂O