Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a T cell derived chemokine that stimulates the Th2 mediated immune response and proliferation of B cells. The effects of IL-4 are mediated by two types of receptors, type I receptor consisting of IL-4Rα and common γ chain and type II receptor composed of IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1. The signalling stimulated by IL-4 leads to activation of JAK/STAT6 and IRS-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway. Through these pathways, IL-4 is responsible for endocytic activity of macrophages, chemotaxis of leukocytes in response to inflammation, angiogenesis and regulation of nitric oxide metabolism in macrophages. Anti-tumor effects of IL-4 have been reported in cancers of breast, liver and renal cells Anti-Interleukin-4 specifically recognizes human interleukin-4.
Immunogen
purified, E. coli-derived recombinant human interleukin-4.
Application
Anti-Interleukin-4 antibody may be used for immunoblotting at a working concentration of 1-2 μg/ml. For ELISA, a working concentration of 4 μg/ml is recommended.
Physical form
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in phosphate buffered saline with 5% trehalose.
The Journal of experimental medicine, 176(1), 287-292 (1992-07-01)
Expression of the macrophage mannose receptor is inhibited by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), a T helper type 1 (Th-1)-derived lymphokine. Interleukin 4 (IL-4), a Th-2 lymphocyte product, upregulates major histocompatibility class II antigen expression but inhibits inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages.
European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 19(115), 46-54 (2010-10-20)
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The mechanism of differentiation of naïve T cells to a variety of effector lineages, but particularly to T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells, has been the subject of intense scrutiny over the past two decades. Studies have revealed
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In the past several years, extensive studies on the mechanisms underlying IL-4 and IL-13 signaling have enabled us to gain insight into how these cytokines regulate immune responses. Because both IL-4 and IL-13 use the IL-4Ralpha as a receptor component
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