Hafnium(IV) chloride, also known as hafnium tetrachloride, is commonly used as a precursor in the production of hafnium metal and various hafnium compounds. Additionally, it serves as a catalyst in certain organic synthesis reactions. Due to its reactivity and sensitivity to moisture, hafnium(IV) chloride is typically handled under an inert atmosphere.
Application
Hafnium(IV) chloride can be used as:
A precursor in the synthesis of lithium hafnium phosphate, which is a solid electrolyte material used in lithium batteries due to its high ionic conductivity and chemical stability.
A catalyst in the acetalization process of various carbonyl compounds, including aldehydes and ketones.
A catalyst in the direct ester condensation of carboxylic acids with alcohols.
A high-capacity cathode material for lithium and sodium-ion batteries.
Direct condensation of carboxylic acids with alcohols catalyzed by hafnium (IV) salts.
Ishihara K, et al.
Science, 290.5494, 1140-1142 (2000)
Visualization of the cytoskeletal elements in tissue culture cells by bloc-staining with hafnium chloride after rapid freezing and freeze-substitution fixation.
T Hatae et al.
Journal of electron microscopy, 33(2), 186-190 (1984-01-01)
The feasibility of a previously established method based on ozonolysis and hydrogenation reactions for the production of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid from oleic acid has been demonstrated. Metal catalyzed lactonization conditions have been used to convert 9-hydroxynonanoic acid into 1,11-dioxacycloicosane-2,12-dione, which is
Two distinct economical catalysts for intramolecular hydroaminations of electronically unactivated alkenes with basic amines are described, which are based on (a) group 4 metal halides under basic reaction conditions or (b) Brønsted-acid organocatalysts.
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