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SAB4200863

Sigma-Aldrich

Anti-Geminin antibody, Mouse monoclonal

clone GEM-1, purified from hybridoma cell culture

Synonym(s):

DNA replication inhibitor, Geminin GMNN

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About This Item

UNSPSC Code:
12352203
NACRES:
NA.41

antibody form

purified from hybridoma cell culture

Quality Level

clone

GEM-1

form

liquid

species reactivity

human

concentration

~1 mg/mL

technique(s)

immunoblotting: 2.5-5 μg/mL using whole extracts of Hella Nuclear.
immunofluorescence: 2.5-5 μg/mL using using human HeLa cells

isotype

IgG2a

UniProt accession no.

shipped in

dry ice

storage temp.

−20°C

target post-translational modification

unmodified

General description

Cell proliferation involves the passage through a series of finely regulated phases that are known as cell cycle checkpoints1. In order to carry out a correct replication, the eukaryotic cell undergoes a series of events ensuring that each copy of duplicated chromosome exactly segregates in the daughter cells2,3. A main critical control of the cell cycle is ensuring that the DNA replication takes place and is followed by mitosis, only once for each cell cycle. Alterations in the expression of genes that regulate the cell cycle can lead to malignant transformation and tumor progression by perturbing cell proliferation and/or genomic stability4,5.

Specificity

Monoclonal Anti-Geminin antibody specifically recognizes human geminin.

Application

The antibody may be used in various immunochemical techniques including Immunoblotting and Immunofluorescence.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Geminin is a 25 kDa nuclear protein that functions by inhibiting DNA replication6. During specific phases of the cell cycle, geminin bind to Cdt1 protein and inhibits the pre-replicative complex (preRC) formation7. In eukaryotes, the origins of replication are bound by a complex of six proteins, evolutionally well conserved among different species8,9. These proteins constitute the origin recognition protein complex (ORC) (1–6), essential for the initiation of DNA replication. Thiswas first identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as protein that bound to the core ARS consensus sequence10. The ORC complex serve as a chromatin substrate for the assembly of other replication initiation factors such as Cdc6, an ATPase family member, and Cdt111,12. The recruitment of these proteins induces a chromatin structural change that promotes the loading of the mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs 2–7) onto the ORC/chromatin complex13. The MCM proteins have a similar helicase activity and are able to unwind the DNA double helix in order to make it more accessible to the action of different polymerases14. During the G1 phase of the cell cycle, the proteins are sequentially recruited to the origins of replication forming the preRC15. At the G1/S transition, the licensed origins are activated by the activity of cyclin E/CDK2, cyclin A/CDK2 and Cdc7-Dbf4 kinases and by the recruitment of MCM10 protein16,17. Cdt1 cooperates with Cdc6 to promote the DNA initiation by regulating the formation of preRC through the recruitment of MCMs on the chromatin associated with ORCs18,19. The Anti Geminin Antibody may serve as an important tool for cell proliferation and differentiation research.

Physical form

Supplied as a solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4, containing 15 mM sodium azide as a preservative.

Storage and Stability

For continuous use, store at 2-8°C for up to one month. For extended storage, freeze in working aliquots. Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. If slight turbidity occurs upon prolonged storage, clarify the solution by centrifugation before use. Working dilution samples should be discarded if not used within 12 hours.

Disclaimer

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog  our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.

Storage Class Code

12 - Non Combustible Liquids

WGK

WGK 1


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Melanie Volkening et al.
Molecular and cellular biology, 25(4), 1560-1568 (2005-02-03)
The MCM2-MCM7 complex is an essential component of the prereplication complex (pre-RC), which is recruited by the cdc6 and cdt1 proteins to origins of DNA replication during G(1) phase. Here, we report that the accumulation on chromatin of another member
John F X Diffley
Current biology : CB, 14(18), R778-R786 (2004-09-24)
Eukaryotic genomes are replicated from large numbers of replication origins distributed on multiple chromosomes. The activity of these origins must be coordinated so that the entire genome is efficiently and accurately replicated yet no region of the genome is ever
Christine Richardson
Cancer letters, 218(2), 127-139 (2005-01-27)
Genomic instability is characteristic of malignant cells, and a strong correlation exists between abnormal karyotype and tumorigenicity. Increased expression of the homologous recombination and DNA repair protein Rad51 has been reported in immortalized cell lines and multiple primary tumor cell
T J McGarry et al.
Cell, 93(6), 1043-1053 (1998-07-11)
We describe a novel 25 kDa protein, geminin, which inhibits DNA replication and is degraded during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. Geminin has a destruction box sequence and is ubiquitinated anaphase-promoting complex (APC) in vitro. In synchronized HeLa
James A Wohlschlegel et al.
Molecular cell, 9(2), 233-240 (2002-02-28)
Current models suggest that the replication initiation factor Mcm10 is required for association of Mcm2-7 with origins of replication to generate the prereplicative complex (pre-RC). Here we report that Xenopus Mcm10 (XMcm10) is not required for origin binding of XMcm2-7.

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