Tungsten toxicity.

Tungsten toxicity.

Chemico-biological interactions (2011-12-21)

Mark L Witten, Paul R Sheppard, Brandon L Witten

ABSTRACT

There is emerging evidence that tungsten has toxic health effects. We summarize the recent tungsten toxicity research in this short review. Tungsten is widely used in many commercial and military applications because it has the second highest melting temperature of any element. Consequently, it is important to elucidate the potential health effects of tungsten.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

267546

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

267511

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, powder, 12 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

GF14111356

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.1mm, clean, 99.95%

GF87331990

Tungsten, wire, straight, 300mm, diameter 0.15mm, 99.9+%

GF07491876

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.04mm, coil width 0.7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF52573079

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF31722263

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width .51mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF06473033

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF53796459

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF87782732

Tungsten, foil, 200x200mm, thickness 0.15mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF05990621

Tungsten, foil, 0.1m coil, thickness 0.076mm, coil width 2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF85971268

Tungsten, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF51630375

Tungsten, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF67192544

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.02mm, coil width .1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF17950372

Tungsten, foil, 200x200mm, thickness 0.3mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF88307309

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.025mm, coil width .7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF31462163

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF74075452

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF22261823

Tungsten, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.95%

GF75672254

Tungsten, insulated wire, 2m, conductor diameter 0.0125mm, insulation thickness 0.0035mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

GF06146805

Tungsten, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.004mm, 99.95%

GF19149756

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.01mm, hard, 99.95%

GF22463995

Tungsten, rod, 200mm, diameter 2.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF18288838

Tungsten, rod, 100mm, diameter 8.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF10563342

Tungsten, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.007mm, 99.95%

GF22953012

Tungsten, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.004mm, hard, clean, 99.95%

GF49127014

Tungsten, insulated wire, 20m, conductor diameter 0.075mm, insulation thickness 0.02mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation, 99.9%

GF33990273

Tungsten, rod, 200mm, diameter 3.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF94362521

Tungsten, rod, 8.25mm, diameter 9.5mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF04286202

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.025mm, clean, 99.95%