1,3-dichloropropene distribution and emission after gelatin capsule formulation application.

The gelatin capsule (gel cap) formulation of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) was developed as a potential means of reducing 1,3-D emissions. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution, emission, and leaching of 1,3-D after applying the gel cap in soil columns. Comparable 1,3-D soil gas concentrations were obtained between a conventional liquid injection control and the gel cap application with film treatment. When the soil surface was irrigated with 39.6 mm water per day during the first 4 days, 1,3-D soil gas concentration was higher than the film treatments at depths below 20 cm, but lower concentrations were observed at 0-15 cm depth. The application of 1,3-D gel cap relatively reduced total 1,3-D emission by about 41% compared to liquid injection with film cover, and total 1,3-D emission was only 0.13% for 1,3-D gel cap application with 4 days of irrigation without a tarp. The results indicated that 1,3-D gel cap could be a promising new technology for reducing environmental emissions and potential human exposure.