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  • Snake Venom Disintegrin Inhibits the Activation of Toll-Like Receptors and Alleviates Sepsis through Integrin alphaVbeta3 Blockade.

Snake Venom Disintegrin Inhibits the Activation of Toll-Like Receptors and Alleviates Sepsis through Integrin alphaVbeta3 Blockade.

Scientific reports (2016-03-19)
Chun-Chieh Hsu, Woei-Jer Chuang, Ching-Hu Chung, Chien-Hsin Chang, Hui-Chin Peng, Tur-Fu Huang
ABSTRACT

Bacterial infection-induced sepsis is the leading cause of septic inflammatory disease. Rhodostomin (Rn), a snake venom disintegrin, was previously reported to interact with the αVβ3 integrin and the TLR4 on phagocyte in attenuating LPS-induced endotoxemia. In this report, we further evaluated the effects of Rn on TLR2-activated monocytes and its in vivo efficacy. Rn effectively suppressed the adhesion, migration, and cytokine release of Pam3CSK4-activated THP-1 cells. Rn specifically bound to integrin αVβ3 of TLR2-activated THP-1. Integrin αV and Akt siRNA transfection both restrained Pam3CSK4-elicited cytokine release. Rn decreased the Pam3CSK4-induced phosporylation of MAPKs, degradation of IκB and activation of FAK, Akt, c-Src and Syk. The Pam3CSK4-induced translocation of MyD88, a central adaptor of TLR2, to the cell membrane was also inhibited by Rn treatment. In the polymicrobial inflammatory caecal ligation and puncture model, Rn significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine release, alleviated tissue injury and elevated survival rate in vivo. Taken together, in addition to inhibiting the activation of TLR4, Rn exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through antagonizing the activation of phagocytes and interrupting the crosstalk between αVβ3 and TLR2-dependent signaling pathways.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Anti-Integrin αVβ3 Antibody, clone LM609, clone LM609, Chemicon®, from mouse
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Anti-Huntingtin Protein Antibody, clone mEM48, culture supernatant, clone mEM48, Chemicon®
Sigma-Aldrich
2′,7′-Bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein, ≥90% (HPLC)