P5585

Palmitic acid

BioXtra, ≥99%

• Synonym(s): 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, C16:0, Cetylic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, NSC 5030, PamOH
• Linear Formula: CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COOH
• CAS Number: 57-10-3
• Molecular Weight: 256.42
• Beilstein/REAXYS Number: 607489
• EC Number: 200-312-9
• MDL number: MFCD00002747
• UNSPSC Code: 12352106
• PubChem Substance ID: 24898674
• NACRES: NA.25

Properties

• biological source: plant (vegetable)
• vapor pressure: 10 mmHg ( 210 °C)
• product line: BioXtra
• assay: ≥99%
• form: powder
• technique(s): cell culture | mammalian: suitable
• impurities: ≤0.0005% Phosphorus (P); ≤0.1% Insoluble matter
• ign. residue: ≤0.1%
• bp: 271.5 °C/100 mmHg (lit.)
• mp: 61-62.5 °C (lit.)
• solubility: chloroform: 0.5 M, clear, colorless
• density: 0.852 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
• anion traces: chloride (Cl^-): ≤0.05%; sulfate (SO₄^2-): ≤0.05%
• cation traces: Al: ≤0.005%; Ca: ≤0.0005%; Cu: ≤0.0005%; Fe: ≤0.0005%; K: ≤0.005%; Mg: ≤0.0005%; NH₄⁺: ≤0.05%; Na: ≤0.05%; Pb: ≤0.001%; Zn: ≤0.0005%
• functional group: carboxylic acid
• lipid type: saturated FAs
• shipped in: ambient
• storage temp.: room temp
• SMILES string: CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O
• InChI: 1S/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)
• InChI key: IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Gene Information: human ... FABP2(2169) , FABP3(2170) , FABP4(2167) , FABP5(2171)

Description

Application

Palmitic acid has been used:

• as a medium supplement in chorionic villous tissue culture form placenta
• as a component of hormone pellet for implantation in mice ovary
• for inducing expression of immunity-related GTPase M (IRGM) in human monocytic cell line, THP-1

Biochem/physiol Actions

Palmitic acid (PA) is a component of membrane phospholipids (PL) and adipose triacylglycerols (TAG). Elevated levels of palmitic acid contributes to the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity and cancer. PA promotes apoptosis in the endothelial cell by modulating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and favors expression of TNF-α and reactive oxygen species accumulation. PA promotes interleukin 8 (IL-8) synthesis in hepatocytes contributing to hepatic inflammation. PA by interacting with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) induces inflammatory injury in cardiomyoctes.

Palmitic acid is a straight-chain 16-carbon fatty acid. Diets rich in palmitic acid, along with lauric and myristic acids, are associated with increased serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Palmitic acid is the first fatty acid produced by lipogenesis. It is a negative regulator of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and is implicated in fatty acid-induced insulin resistance.

Safety Information

• Storage Class: 11 - Combustible Solids
• wgk_germany: nwg
• flash_point_f: 235.4 °F
• flash_point_c: 113 °C
• ppe: dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves