Tungsten toxicity.

Tungsten toxicity.

Chemico-biological interactions (2011-12-21)

Mark L Witten, Paul R Sheppard, Brandon L Witten

ABSTRACT

There is emerging evidence that tungsten has toxic health effects. We summarize the recent tungsten toxicity research in this short review. Tungsten is widely used in many commercial and military applications because it has the second highest melting temperature of any element. Consequently, it is important to elucidate the potential health effects of tungsten.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

356972

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, wire, diam. 0.5 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

357189

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

357197

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, foil, thickness 0.127 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

357421

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, powder, ≤10 μm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

267562

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

267554

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, wire, diam. 0.25 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF86836900

Tungsten, wire, straight, 1000mm, diameter 1.0mm, 99.9+%

GF34778098

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.25mm, clean, 99.95%

GF93007818

Tungsten, mesh, 100x100mm, nominal aperture 0.15mm, wire diameter 0.02mm, 150 wires/inch, open area 75%, plain weave mesh, 99.95%

GF22706210

Tungsten, rod, 1000mm, diameter 5.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF04192501

Tungsten, rod, 200mm, diameter 1.6mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF90763072

Tungsten, rod, 100mm, diameter 16mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF52333499

Tungsten, rod, 50mm, diameter 12.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF05717572

Tungsten, rod, 50mm, diameter 10.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF46585817

Tungsten, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.25μm, specific density 474μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.95%

GF80179410

Tungsten, mesh, 50x50mm, nominal aperture 0.15mm, wire diameter 0.02mm, 150 wires/inch, open area 75%, plain weave mesh, 99.95%

GF36981647

Tungsten, rod, 500mm, diameter 5.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF38277478

Tungsten, rod, 100mm, diameter 6.35mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF38415023

Tungsten, rod, 500mm, diameter 10.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF01295502

Tungsten, rod, 100mm, diameter 20.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF40010364

Tungsten, rod, 50mm, diameter 20.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF51923145

Tungsten, rod, 200mm, diameter 16mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF03094871

Tungsten, rod, 200mm, diameter 4.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF00045740

Tungsten, rod, 1000mm, diameter 6.35mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF07999813

Tungsten, rod, 500mm, diameter 2.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF97071925

Tungsten, rod, 100mm, diameter 3.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF24912895

Tungsten, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 0.08mm, clean, 99.95%

GF48783976

Tungsten, rod, 500mm, diameter 3.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF18689596

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.08mm, clean, 99.95%

GF57128542

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.6mm, clean, 99.95%