Exploring the human mesenchymal stem cell tubule communication network through electron microscopy.

Exploring the human mesenchymal stem cell tubule communication network through electron microscopy.

Ultrastructural pathology (2014-10-01)

Sabrina Valente, Roberta Rossi, Leonardo Resta, Gianandrea Pasquinelli

ABSTRACT

Cells use several mechanisms to transfer information to other cells. In this study, we describe micro/nanotubular connections and exosome-like tubule fragments in multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human arteries. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy allowed characterization of sinusoidal microtubular projections (700 nm average size, 200 µm average length, with bulging mitochondria and actin microfilaments); short, uniform, variously shaped nanotubular projections (100 nm, bidirectional communication); and tubule fragments (50 nm). This is the first study demonstrating that MSCs from human arteries constitutively interact through an articulate and dynamic tubule network allowing long-range cell to cell communication.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

702102

Sigma-Aldrich

Carbon, mesoporous

699624

Sigma-Aldrich

Carbon, mesoporous, nanopowder, graphitized, less than 250 ppm Al, Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn combined

PHR1070

Supelco

Dehydrated Alcohol, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

702110

Sigma-Aldrich

Carbon, mesoporous, hydrophilic pore surface

1012772

USP

Dehydrated Alcohol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

48075

Supelco

Ethanol solution, certified reference material, 2000 μg/mL in methanol

699640

Sigma-Aldrich

Carbon, mesoporous, less than 100 ppm Al, Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn combined

699632

Sigma-Aldrich

Carbon, mesoporous, nanopowder, less than 500 ppm Al, Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn combined

53663

Sigma-Aldrich

Activated Charcoal Norit^®, Norit^® SX ultra, from peat, corresponds U.S. Food chemicals codex (3rd Ed.), steam activated and acid washed, highly purified, powder

29204

Sigma-Aldrich

Activated Charcoal Norit^®, Norit^® RB3, for gas purification, steam activated, rod

37771

Sigma-Aldrich

Activated Charcoal Norit^®, Norit^® GAC 1240W, from coal, for potable water processing, steam activated, granular

22874

Sigma-Aldrich

Activated Charcoal Norit^®, Norit^® PK 1-3, from peat, steam activated, granular

93067

Sigma-Aldrich

Activated Charcoal Norit^®, Norit^® SX2, powder, from peat, multi-purpose activated charcoal, steam activated and acid washed

97876

Sigma-Aldrich

Activated Charcoal Norit^®, Norit^® CA1, wood, chemically activated, powder

E7148

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethyl alcohol, Pure 190 proof, for molecular biology

51976

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethanol, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.8%, (absolute alcohol, without additive, A15 o¹)

719811

Sigma-Aldrich

Carbon nanofibers, pyrolitically stripped, platelets(conical), >98% carbon basis, D × L 100 nm × 20-200 μm

719803

Sigma-Aldrich

Carbon nanofibers, graphitized, platelets(conical), >98% carbon basis, D × L 100 nm × 20-200 μm

52619

Supelco

Hexamethyldisilazane, for GC derivatization, LiChropur^™, ≥99.0% (GC)

15269

Supelco

N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide, for GC derivatization, LiChropur^™, ≥98.5% (GC)

440191

Sigma-Aldrich

Hexamethyldisilazane, reagent grade, ≥99%

128910

Sigma-Aldrich

N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide, synthesis grade, ≥95%

86944

Sigma-Aldrich

Hexamethyldisilazane, produced by Wacker Chemie AG, Burghausen, Germany, ≥97.0% (GC)

490210

Sigma-Aldrich

Methane-¹²C, ¹³C-depleted, 99.9 atom % ¹²C

493511

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethyl alcohol, Pure, 190 proof, ACS spectrophotometric grade, 95.0%

379212

Sigma-Aldrich

Hexamethyldisilazane, ReagentPlus^®, 99.9%

GF09325009

Carbon - Vitreous, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 6.0mm, glassy carbon

GF22691426

Carbon - Vitreous, foil, 10x10mm, thickness 1.0mm, glassy carbon

GF39873369

Carbon - Vitreous, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 3.2mm, bulk density 0.05g/cm³, porosity 96.5%

GF45345562

Carbon - Vitreous, rod, 200mm, diameter 5.0mm, glassy carbon