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  • Effects of glucose on cell viability and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of phytochemicals and phytochemically modified membranes.

Effects of glucose on cell viability and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of phytochemicals and phytochemically modified membranes.

The journal of physical chemistry. B (2014-09-24)
Teng Chang, Chandrasekaran Neelakandan, Linda DeFine, Thomas Alexander, Thein Kyu
ABSTRACT

By virtue of antioxidant and anti-inflammable properties, plant-derived phytochemicals such as mangiferin and genistein have attracted considerable attention for functionalization of polymeric hemodialysis (HD) membranes via solution blending. In-vitro dihydrorhodamine (DHR) assay of the genistein-modified membranes revealed drastic reduction in the level of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, mangiferin-modified HD membrane manifested the pro-oxidant activity. We suspected that such difference in ROS generation may be attributed to the glucose unit on the xanthone backbone of mangiferin. This hypothesis was confirmed by comparing the ROS levels of genistein versus genistin, and mangiferin versus xanthone and 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone. Phytochemicals without the glucose unit show better antioxidant property related to the glycosides. Anti-inflammatory property was further conducted by measuring the level of TNF-α in blood after contacting with the same selected phytochemicals. Of particular interest is that the glucose unit promotes the generation of TNF-α.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Dihydrorhodamine 123, ≥95%
Sigma-Aldrich
7-Aminoactinomycin D, ~97% (HPLC), powder
Sigma-Aldrich
Xanthone, 97%
USP
Xanthone, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Supelco
Dimethyl sulfoxide, for inorganic trace analysis, ≥99.99995% (metals basis)
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.5% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, anhydrous, ≥99.9%
Supelco
Dimethyl sulfoxide, analytical standard
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Dimethyl sulfoxide, meets EP testing specifications, meets USP testing specifications
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Dimethyl sulfoxide, for molecular biology
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Dimethyl sulfoxide, sterile-filtered, BioPerformance Certified, meets EP, USP testing specifications, suitable for hybridoma
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Dimethyl sulfoxide, ≥99.5% (GC), suitable for plant cell culture
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Dimethyl sulfoxide, PCR Reagent
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Dimethyl sulfoxide, Hybri-Max, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for hybridoma, ≥99.7%
Dimethyl sulfoxide, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
USP
Dimethyl sulfoxide, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
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Dimethyl sulfoxide, ReagentPlus®, ≥99.5%
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Dimethyl sulfoxide, ACS reagent, ≥99.9%
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Dimethyl sulfoxide, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, ≥99.9% (GC)
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Dimethyl sulfoxide, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.7%
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, puriss. p.a., dried, ≤0.02% water