Molybdenum enzymes and molybdenum cofactor in mycobacteria.

Molybdenum enzymes and molybdenum cofactor in mycobacteria.

Journal of cellular biochemistry (2011-06-17)

Tingyu Shi, Jianping Xie

ABSTRACT

When intracelluar pathogens enter the host macrophages where in addition to oxidative and antibiotic mechanisms of antimicrobial activity, nutrients are deprived. Human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of macrophage parasitisms, which can replicate and persist for decades in dormancy state in virulent environments. It is very successful in escaping the killing mechanisms of macrophage. Molybdenum (Mo) enzymes involve in the global carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen cycles by catalyzing important redox reactions. There are several Mo enzymes in mycobacteria and they exert several important physiological functions, such as dormancy regulation, the metabolism of energy sources, and nitrogen source. Pterin-based Mo cofactor (Moco) is the common cofactor of the Mo enzymes in mycobacteria but the cofactor biosynthesis is nearly an untapped area. The present article discusses the physiological function of Mo enzymes and the structural feature of the genes coding for Moco biosynthesis enzymes in mycobacteria.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

577987

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, nanopowder, <100 nm particle size (TEM), 99.8% trace metals basis

366986

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, 10 μm, ≥99.95% trace metals basis

266892

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, <150 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

357200

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

510092

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, 1-5 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

203823

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, <150 μm, 99.99% trace metals basis

357227

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

266922

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF24241654

Molybdenum, foil, 50mm disks, thickness 0.30mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF57507374

Molybdenum, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.015mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF51453200

Molybdenum, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.15mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF71483407

Molybdenum, foil, 50mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF25048188

Molybdenum, rod, 100mm, diameter 8.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF14377901

Molybdenum, tube, 300mm, outside diameter 0.5mm, inside diameter 0.38mm, wall thickness 0.06mm, 99.9%

GF78945665

Molybdenum, tube, 50mm, outside diameter 3.15mm, inside diameter 2.39mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, 99.9%

GF68662503

Molybdenum, rod, 500mm, diameter 1.5mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF34702411

Molybdenum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1.3mm, wall thickness 0.35mm, 99.9%

GF15351735

Molybdenum, tube, 50mm, outside diameter 6.4mm, inside diameter 4.6mm, wall thickness 0.9mm, 99.9%

GF21254981

Molybdenum, rod, 100mm, diameter 25mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF69235926

Molybdenum, rod, 500mm, diameter 2.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF01988501

Molybdenum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1.3mm, wall thickness 0.35mm, 99.9%

GF98181748

Molybdenum, rod, 500mm, diameter 15.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF73901392

Molybdenum, rod, 50mm, diameter 5.0mm, 99.98%

GF20178794

Molybdenum, rod, 100mm, diameter 6.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF34073344

Molybdenum, rod, 200mm, diameter 10.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF14532308

Molybdenum, rod, 200mm, diameter 25mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF56726499

Molybdenum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 1.0mm, inside diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, 99.9%

GF15289487

Molybdenum, rod, 100mm, diameter 15.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF02780951

Molybdenum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 1.0mm, inside diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, 99.9%

GF04293446

Molybdenum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 3.15mm, inside diameter 2.39mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, 99.9%